Use of static Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment to determine pathogen risks in an unconfined carbonate aquifer used for Managed Aquifer Recharge

Toze, Simon; Bekele, Elise; Page, Declan; Sidhu, J. P. S.; Shackleton, M.

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2009.08.028

Cited by 84 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The ratios of medium effective pore diameter, D p , and levels of suspended solids grain diameter, d 10 . However, the relative ideal conditions of nearly uniform particle diameter of suspended solids, the homogeneous infiltration medium and the limited number of experiments place limitations on the established criterion in practical applications with heterogeneous infiltration medium and non-uniform suspended solids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ratios of medium effective pore diameter D p and levels of suspended solids grain diameter d 10 (9)- (11)). 30 into the model to be calculated, the pending sample category is the group that has the largest C1, C2, and C3.…”

Section: Bayesian Discrimination Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Improvements to water quality via MAR have been demonstrated to reduce organic matter [5,6], trace organic compounds [7], nitrogen [8]. Bacteria and virus transport during MAR is another one major concern with using recycled water [9][10][11]. The water quality change and its related health risks still are the main topics for MAR researches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Prediction Methods for Potential Suspended Solids Clogging Types during Managed Aquifer Recharge

Fang

Zi-jia

et al. 2014

Water

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Abstract:The implementation and development of managed aquifer recharge (MAR) have been limited by the clogging attributed to physical, chemical, and biological reactions. In application field of MAR, physical clogging is usually the dominant type. Although numerous studies on the physical clogging mechanism during MAR are available, studies on the more detailed suspended clogging types and its prediction methods still remain few. In this study, a series of column experiments were inducted to show the process of suspended solids clogging process. The suspended solids clogging was divided into three types of surface clogging, inner clogging and mixed clogging based on the different clogging characteristics. Surface clogging indicates that the suspended solids are intercepted by the medium surface when suspended solids grain diameter is larger than pore diameter of infiltration medium. Inner clogging indicates that the suspended solids particles could transport through the infiltration medium. Mixed clogging refers to the comprehensive performance of surface clogging and inner clogging. Each suspended solids clogging type has the different clogging position, different changing laws of hydraulic conductivity and different deposition profile of suspended solids. Based on the experiment data, the ratio of effective medium pore diameter (D p ) and median grain size of suspended solids (d 50 ) was proposed as the judgment index for suspended solids clogging types.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bayesian Discrimination Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Prediction Methods for Potential Suspended Solids Clogging Types during Managed Aquifer Recharge

Fang

Zi-jia

et al. 2014

Water

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“…Major concerns about the safety of this exploitation routeas an alternative water source are connected to microbial and chemical contaminants occurring in the treated wastewater [25][26][27][28]. Recycled water is not used at Finnish MAR plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raw Water Quality and Pretreatment in Managed Aquifer Recharge for Drinking Water Production in Finland

Jokela¹,

Eskola

Heinonen³

et al. 2017

Water

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Abstract:The main objective of managed aquifer recharge (MAR) in Finland is the removal of natural organic matter (NOM) from surface waters. A typical MAR procedure consists of the infiltration of surface water into a Quaternary glaciofluvial esker with subsequent withdrawal of the MAR treated water from wells a few hundred meters downstream. The infiltrated water should have a residence time of at least approximately one month before withdrawal to provide sufficient time for the subsurface processes needed to break down or remove humic substances. Most of the Finnish MAR plants do not have pretreatment and raw water is infiltrated directly into the soil. The objectives of this paper are to present MAR experiences and to discuss the need for and choice of pretreatment. Data from basin, sprinkling, and well infiltration processes are presented. Total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations of the raw waters presented here varied from 6.5 to 11 mg/L and after MAR the TOC concentrations of the abstracted waters were approximately 2 mg/L. The overall reduction of organic matter in the treatment (with or without pretreatment) was 70%-85%. Mechanical pretreatment can be used for clogging prevention. Turbidity of the Finnish lakes used as raw water does not necessitate pretreatment in basin and sprinkling infiltration, however, pretreatment in well infiltration needs to be judged separately. River waters may have high turbidity requiring pretreatment. Biodegradation of NOM in the saturated groundwater zone consumes dissolved oxygen. Thus, a high NOM concentration may create conditions for dissolution of iron and manganese from the soil. These conditions may be avoided by the addition of chemical pretreatment. Raw waters with TOC content up to at least approximately 8 mg/L were infiltrated without any considerations of chemical pretreatment, which should be evaluated based on local conditions.

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“…Although some approaches to evaluate the risk of a MAR system have been developed (Assmuth et al, 2016;Ayuso-Gabella et al, 2011;Dillon et al, 2016;Lee, 2016, 2017;Juntunen et al, 2017;Page et al, 2010;Toze et al, 2010), comprehensive studies that integrate both nontechnical and technical factors are absent (Nandha et al, 2015). In this study, we (i) precisely present an integrated PRA-FT that is applicable for a general MAR facility and (ii) apply it to six different MAR facilities that were part of the EU FP7 project MARSOL, located in five different Mediterranean countries: Portugal (1), Spain (2), Italy (1), Malta (1), and Israel (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A risk assessment methodology to evaluate the risk failure of managed aquifer recharge in the Mediterranean Basin

Rodríguez‐Escales

Canelles

Sánchez-Vila

et al. 2018

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) can be affected by many risks. Those risks are related to different technical and non-technical aspects of recharge, like water availability, water quality, legislation, social issues, etc. Many other works have acknowledged risks of this nature theoretically; however, their quantification and definition has not been developed. In this study, the risk definition and quantification has been performed by means of "fault trees" and probabilistic risk assessment (PRA). We defined a fault tree with 65 basic events applicable to the operation phase. After that, we have applied this methodology to six different managed aquifer recharge sites located in the Mediterranean Basin (Portugal, Spain, Italy, Malta, and Israel). The probabilities of the basic events were defined by expert criteria, based on the knowledge of the different managers of the facilities. From that, we conclude that in all sites, the perception of the expert criteria of the non-technical aspects were as much or even more important than the technical aspects. Regarding the risk results, we observe that the total risk in three of the six sites was equal to or above 0.90. That would mean that the MAR facilities have a risk of failure equal to or higher than 90 % in the period of 2-6 years. The other three sites presented lower risks (75, 29, and 18 % for Malta, Menashe, and Serchio, respectively).

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Use of static Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment to determine pathogen risks in an unconfined carbonate aquifer used for Managed Aquifer Recharge

Cited by 84 publications

References 20 publications

The Prediction Methods for Potential Suspended Solids Clogging Types during Managed Aquifer Recharge

The Prediction Methods for Potential Suspended Solids Clogging Types during Managed Aquifer Recharge

Raw Water Quality and Pretreatment in Managed Aquifer Recharge for Drinking Water Production in Finland

A risk assessment methodology to evaluate the risk failure of managed aquifer recharge in the Mediterranean Basin

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