Use of Soy-Based Formulas and Cow's Milk Allergy: Lights and Shadows

Verduci, Elvira; Profio, Elisabetta Di; Cerrato, Lucia; Nuzzi, Giulia; Riva, Luca; Vizzari, Giulia; D’Auria, Enza; Giannì, Maria Lorella; Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo; Peroni, Diego

doi:10.3389/fped.2020.591988

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(103 reference statements)

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“…The concern about the presence of isoflavonoid has also limited their use and, for this reason, newer formulations have greatly reduced its content. Currently, soy-based formulas are all supplemented with amino acids (methionine, taurine, and carnitine) [ 40 ].…”

Section: Hydrolysed Cow’s Milk and Vegetable Protein-based Formulas: Tolerance Nutritional Value And Palatabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolysed Formulas in the Management of Cow’s Milk Allergy: New Insights, Pitfalls and Tips

et al. 2021

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An allergy to cow’s milk requires the avoidance of cow’s milk proteins and, in some infants, the use of a hypoallergenic formula. This review aims to summarize the current evidence concerning different types of hydrolysed formulas (HF), and recommendations for the treatment of IgE- and non-IgE-mediated cow’s milk allergy and functional gastrointestinal disorders in infancy, for which some dietary intervention and HF may be of benefit to both immune and motor mechanisms. Current guidelines recommend cow’s milk protein (i.e., whey or casein) extensively hydrolysed formula (eHF) as the first choice for cow’s milk allergy treatment, and amino acid formulas for more severe cases or those with reactions to eHF. Rice hydrolysed formulas (rHF) have also become available in recent years. Both eHF and rHF are well tolerated by the majority of children allergic to cow’s milk, with no concerns regarding body growth or adverse effects. Some hydrolysates may have a pro-active effect in modulating the immune system due to the presence of small peptides and additional components, like biotics. Despite encouraging results on tolerance acquisition, evidence is still not conclusive, thus hampering our ability to draw firm conclusions. In clinical practice, the choice of hypoallergenic formula should be based on the infant’s age, the severity, frequency and persistence of symptoms, immune phenotype, growth pattern, formula cost, and in vivo proof of tolerance and efficacy.

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Section: Hydrolysed Cow’s Milk and Vegetable Protein-based Formulas: Tolerance Nutritional Value And Palatabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolysed Formulas in the Management of Cow’s Milk Allergy: New Insights, Pitfalls and Tips

et al. 2021

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“…Soybean is a legume crop originating from East Asia with a high-quality content of proteins comprising up to 40% of the dry weight [ 339 , 340 ]. Soy-based infant formulas are available in many countries throughout the world, with the largest market being in North America [ 341 ].…”

Section: Plant-based Infant Formulasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soy-based infant formulas are available in many countries throughout the world, with the largest market being in North America [ 341 ]. Soy-based infant formulas have been commercially available for more than a century although they have changed throughout this time [ 340 , 342 , 343 ]. At first, the soy-based infant formulas were altered from being based on soy flour to soy protein isolate in order to obtain a higher digestibility and a lower content of fibres and phytates [ 343 , 344 ].…”

Section: Plant-based Infant Formulasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternatives to Cow’s Milk-Based Infant Formulas in the Prevention and Management of Cow’s Milk Allergy

Maryniak

Sancho

Hansen

et al. 2022

Foods

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Cow’s milk-based infant formulas are the most common substitute to mother’s milk in infancy when breastfeeding is impossible or insufficient, as cow’s milk is a globally available source of mammalian proteins with high nutritional value. However, cow’s milk allergy (CMA) is the most prevalent type of food allergy among infants, affecting up to 3.8% of small children. Hypoallergenic infant formulas based on hydrolysed cow’s milk proteins are commercially available for the management of CMA. Yet, there is a growing demand for more options for infant feeding, both in general but especially for the prevention and management of CMA. Milk from other mammalian sources than the cow, such as goat, sheep, camel, donkey, and horse, has received some attention in the last decade due to the different protein composition profile and protein amino acid sequences, resulting in a potentially low cross-reactivity with cow’s milk proteins. Recently, proteins from plant sources, such as potato, lentil, chickpeas, quinoa, in addition to soy and rice, have gained increased interest due to their climate friendly and vegan status as well as potential lower allergenicity. In this review, we provide an overview of current and potential future infant formulas and their relevance in CMA prevention and management.

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“…Increasing awareness of cow's milk protein allergy and intolerance have influenced the market toward offering cow's milk substitutes, which include milk from different mammalian species, special formula, and plant-based beverages. Being the former subject of analysis of two recent reviews, cow's milk substitutes and their role will not be evaluated in this article [17,18].…”

Section: Type Of Cow's Milks and Growing-up Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which Milk during the Second Year of Life: A Personalized Choice for a Healthy Future?

et al. 2021

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Nutrition in early life is a crucial element to provide all essential substrates for growth. Although this statement may appear obvious, several studies have shown how the intake of micro and macronutrients in toddlers differs a lot from the recommendations of scientific societies. Protein intake often exceeds the recommended amount, while the intake of iron and zinc is frequently insufficient, as well as Vitamin D. Nutritional errors in the first years of life can negatively impact the health of the child in the long term. To date, no clear evidence on which milk is suggested during the second year of life is yet to be established. In this study, we compare the nutrient profiles of cow’s milk and specific formulas as well as nutritional risks in toddlers linked to growth and childhood obesity development. The purpose of this review is to resume the latest clinical studies on toddlers fed with cow’s milk or young children formula (YCF), and the potential risks or benefits in the short and long term.

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Use of Soy-Based Formulas and Cow's Milk Allergy: Lights and Shadows

Cited by 27 publications

References 70 publications

Hydrolysed Formulas in the Management of Cow’s Milk Allergy: New Insights, Pitfalls and Tips

Hydrolysed Formulas in the Management of Cow’s Milk Allergy: New Insights, Pitfalls and Tips

Alternatives to Cow’s Milk-Based Infant Formulas in the Prevention and Management of Cow’s Milk Allergy

Which Milk during the Second Year of Life: A Personalized Choice for a Healthy Future?

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