Use of simulated epithelial lung fluid in assessing the human health risk of Pb in urban street dust

Dean, John R.; Elom, Nwabueze; Entwistle, Jane

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.085

Cited by 45 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…This is the first study we are aware of quantifying the inhalation bioaccessibility of PEs and alternative plasticisers employing two artificial lung fluids, mimicking two distinctively different interstitial lung conditions. Artificial pulmonary fluids have been previously employed in inhalation bioaccessibility studies of water-soluble metals and nanoparticles [42][43][44][45][46] . Artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF, pH=4.5) represents the fluid which inhaled particles come into contact with after phagocytosis by alveolar and interstitial macrophages within the lung.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Vitro Inhalation Bioaccessibility of Phthalate Esters and Alternative Plasticizers Present in Indoor Dust Using Artificial Lung Fluids

Kademoglou

Giovanoulis

Palm-Cousins

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

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Phthalate esters (PEs) are plasticiser additives imparting durability, elasticity and flexibility to consumer products. The low migration stability of PEs along with their ubiquitous character and adverse health effects to humans and especially children has resulted in their classification as major indoor contaminants. This study assesses inhalation exposure to PEs via indoor dust using an in vitro inhalation bioaccessibility test (i.e. uptake) for of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and the alternative non phthalate plasticisers bis(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHT) and cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH), exposure. Using artificial lung fluids, which mimicktwo distinctively different pulmonary environments, namely artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF, pH = 4.5) representing the fluid that inhaled particles would contact after phagocytosis by alveolar and interstitial macrophages within the lung and Gamble's solution (pH = 7.4), the fluid for deep dust deposition within the pulmonary environment. Low molecular weight (MW) PEs such as DMP and DEP were highly bioaccessible (> 75 %) in both artificial pulmonary media, whereas highly hydrophobic compounds such as DEHP, DINCH and DEHT were < 5 % bioaccessible via the lung. Our findings show that the in vitro pulmonary uptake of PEs is primarily governed by their hydrophobicity and water solubility, highlighting thus the need for the establishment of a unified and biologically relevant inhalation bioaccessibility test format, employed within the risk assessment framework for volatile and semi-volatile organic pollutants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gamble's solution (GMB, pH=7.4) is a surrogate fluid for deep dust deposition within the interstitial fluid of the lung43,46 . The objectives of the present study are to evaluate the in vitro inhalation bioaccessibility of PEs, DINCH and DEHT present in indoor dust by employing two different artificial pulmonary fluids, i.e.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Inhalation Bioaccessibility of Phthalate Esters and Alternative Plasticizers Present in Indoor Dust Using Artificial Lung Fluids

Kademoglou

Giovanoulis

Palm-Cousins

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

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“…Finally, in addition to the direct effects of fine PM on lung epithelial cells, authors are reporting interesting findings on the interaction of particulates with lung fluids. A study published in 2016 by Zhou et al [86] reported the interaction of fine PM with lung fluids and demonstrated significant adverse effects on a cell membrane model while a recent paper by Dean, Elom, and Entwistle [87] proposed that the interaction of particulate with lung fluid may increase the exposure to heavy metals in urban areas, suggesting another possible mechanism for PM-related health effects.…”

Section: Fine Pm (Pm 25 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fifteen Years of Airborne Particulates in Vitro Toxicology in Milano: Lessons and Perspectives Learned

Longhin

Mantecca

Gualtieri

2020

IJMS

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Air pollution is one of the world’s leading environmental causes of death. The epidemiological relationship between outdoor air pollution and the onset of health diseases associated with death is now well established. Relevant toxicological proofs are now dissecting the molecular processes that cause inflammation, reactive species generation, and DNA damage. In addition, new data are pointing out the role of airborne particulates in the modulation of genes and microRNAs potentially involved in the onset of human diseases. In the present review we collect the relevant findings on airborne particulates of one of the biggest hot spots of air pollution in Europe (i.e., the Po Valley), in the largest urban area of this region, Milan. The different aerodynamic fractions are discussed separately with a specific focus on fine and ultrafine particles that are now the main focus of several studies. Results are compared with more recent international findings. Possible future perspectives of research are proposed to create a new discussion among scientists working on the toxicological effects of airborne particles.

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“…Even though lead used to be a significant component applying as anti-knock agent in petrol (Callender and Rice 2000), it has been phased out from gasoline in 1990s in Iran. Considering the long residence time of Pb and non-biodegradability and cumulative tendency of this element (Mielke et al 2010), it is believed that enrichment of Pb in current urban soils represents footprints of prevalent use of tetraethyl lead in the past (Carrero et al 2013;Cicchella et al 2008;Dean et al 2017;Francek 1992;Galušková et al 2014;Lau and Othman et al 1997;Lin et al 1998;MacKinnon et al 2011;Poňavič et al 2018;Sutherland et al 2000;Wong 1982) and its reworking through circulation of urban dusts by local winds. The fourth factor (F4), which accounts for 9.79% of the total variance, is dominated by Cd (0.899), Hg (0.468) and Zn (0.817).…”

Section: Multivariate Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentially toxic elements in urban soils: source apportionment and contamination assessment

Modabberi

Tashakor²,

Soltani

et al. 2018

Environ Monit Assess

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show abstract

Use of simulated epithelial lung fluid in assessing the human health risk of Pb in urban street dust

Cited by 45 publications

References 86 publications

In Vitro Inhalation Bioaccessibility of Phthalate Esters and Alternative Plasticizers Present in Indoor Dust Using Artificial Lung Fluids

In Vitro Inhalation Bioaccessibility of Phthalate Esters and Alternative Plasticizers Present in Indoor Dust Using Artificial Lung Fluids

Fifteen Years of Airborne Particulates in Vitro Toxicology in Milano: Lessons and Perspectives Learned

Potentially toxic elements in urban soils: source apportionment and contamination assessment

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