“…Shredded tires obtained from scrap tires have been used as lightweight fill materials for roadways, embankments and backfills behind retaining walls. The shredded tires can be used by themselves or blended with soil Lovell, 1992, 1993;Eldin and Senouci, 1992;Humphrey and Manion, 1992;Bosscher et al, 1993Bosscher et al, , 1997Humphrey et al, , 1998Upton and Machan, 1993;Edil and Bosscher, 1994;Cecich et al, 1996;Papp et al, 1997;Al-Tabbaa and Aravinthan, 1998;Tweedie et al, 1998;Humphrey, 1999;Lee et al, 1999;ASTM, 2002;Pierce and Blackwell, 2003). Tire shreds have also been used as an alternative to crushed stones (gravel) as drainage media in landfill leachate collection systems Duffy, 1995;Donovan et al, 1996;Geosyntec Consultants, 1998;Humphrey, 1999).…”