Use of recycled materials as mid layer in three layered structures-new possibility in design for recycling

Radusin, Tanja; Nilsen, Jorunn; Larsen, Sondre; Annfinsen, Steffen; Waag, Charlotte; Eikeland, Marianne Sørflaten; Pettersen, Marit Kvalvåg; Fredriksen, Siw B.

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120876

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[ 222–224 ] Recycled polyolefins have been used in multi‐layer food packaging (including with alternative materials such as paper), however these r‐polymer are more prone to small molecule diffusion suggesting a regulatory challenge for use in food packaging. [ 228,229 ] To combat this, recycled polymers have been used as central layers between virgin polymers in multilayer films. Multi‐layer polymer film production is challenging and requires careful viscosity matching in order to produce defined layers.…”

Section: Secondary Uses For Recyclatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…report using rPE between layers of virgin PE in food packaging with minor aesthetic issues such as a loss of transparency and a mild color change. [ 229 ] Previously, researchers also incorporated rLDPE between layers of virgin polymer and used gamma radiation to induce crosslinking between the layers. They found no negative effect on the permeability of the packaging however, the food‐safe 5–10 kGy (according to the Codex Alimentarius Commission) dose used to irradiate the packaging was found to produce harmful radiolysis products within the packaging layers.…”

Section: Secondary Uses For Recyclatementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mechanical Recycling of Packaging Plastics: A Review

Schyns

Shaver

2020

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

813

692

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The current global plastics economy is highly linear, with the exceptional performance and low carbon footprint of polymeric materials at odds with dramatic increases in plastic waste. Transitioning to a circular economy that retains plastic in its highest value condition is essential to reduce environmental impacts, promoting reduction, reuse, and recycling. Mechanical recycling is an essential tool in an environmentally and economically sustainable economy of plastics, but current mechanical recycling processes are limited by cost, degradation of mechanical properties, and inconsistent quality products. This review covers the current methods and challenges for the mechanical recycling of the five main packaging plastics: poly(ethylene terephthalate), polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and poly(vinyl chloride) through the lens of a circular economy. Their reprocessing induced degradation mechanisms are introduced and strategies to improve their recycling are discussed. Additionally, this review briefly examines approaches to improve polymer blending in mixed plastic waste streams and applications of lower quality recyclate.

show abstract

Section: Secondary Uses For Recyclatementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Secondary Uses For Recyclatementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Recycling of Packaging Plastics: A Review

Schyns

Shaver

2020

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

813

692

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Attention has in many cases been focused on optimization in packaging process for improved efficiency and reducing the thickness ↓aerobic mesophiles from 0.9 to 6.5 log CFU/g, 0.9 to 6.3 log CFU/g, and 0.7 to 4.0 log cycles, respectively, for watercress, parsley, and strawberries of materials (down-gauging), rather than technologies and processes designed for circular economy. Thus, handling plastic packaging of food as linear models rather than striving for more holistic, circular systems contributes to that a significant portion of plastic waste in many countries ends up in landfill or is incinerated (Hahladakis & Iacovidou, 2018;Luijsterburg & Goossens, 2014;Radusin et al, 2020). It is recognized that recycling is one solution to reduce the need for production of virgin materials in addition to diverting waste from landfill; however, only 9% of the plastic produced since 1950 have been recycled (Geyer, Jambeck, & Law, 2017).…”

Section: Littering and Waste Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status of biobased and biodegradable food packaging materials: Impact on food quality and effect of innovative processing technologies

Nilsen-Nygaard

Fernández

Radusin

et al. 2021

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

Self Cite

167

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fossil‐based plastic materials are an integral part of modern life. In food packaging, plastics have a highly important function in preserving food quality and safety, ensuring adequate shelf life, and thereby contributing to limiting food waste. Meanwhile, the global stream of plastics into the oceans is increasing exponentially, triggering worldwide concerns for the environment. There is an urgent need to reduce the environmental impacts of packaging waste, a matter raising increasing consumer awareness. Shifting part of the focus toward packaging materials from renewable resources is one promising strategy. This review provides an overview of the status and future of biobased and biodegradable films used for food packaging applications, highlighting the effects on food shelf life and quality. Potentials, limitations, and promising modifications of selected synthetic biopolymers; polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, and polyhydroxyalkanoate; and natural biopolymers such as cellulose, starch, chitosan, alginate, gelatine, whey, and soy protein are discussed. Further, this review provides insight into the connection between biobased packaging materials and innovative technologies such as high pressure, cold plasma, microwave, ultrasound, and ultraviolet light. The potential for utilizing such technologies to improve biomaterial barrier and mechanical properties as well as to aid in improving overall shelf life for the packaging system by in‐pack processing is elaborated on.

show abstract

“…First of all, in order to meet the European ambitious recycling targets for 2030, new opportunities must be created to valorize also the more complex and challenging plastic waste streams, such as post-consumer flexible packaging [ 4 , 5 ]. To this purpose, in the framework of the Circular Economy the well know principle of “Design for Recycling” [ 6 , 7 ] should be combined with the “Design from Recycling” approach, as suggested by Ragaert et al in their works [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. This latter methodology consists of making recycled polymers fit-for-use in designated products and/or redesigning products specifically for the recycled polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Improving the Processability and Properties of Mixed Polyolefin Post-Consumer Plastics for Piping Applications

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study focuses on the upgrading strategies to make Fil-s (acronym for film-small), a polyolefin-based material coming from the mechanical recycling of post-consumer flexible packaging, fit for re-use in the piping sector. The effects of washing treatments (at cold and hot conditions) and the addition of an experimental compatibilizer on the chemical-physical properties of Fil-s were first assessed. The measurements of some key properties (density, melt flow index, flexural modulus, yield strength), for both Fil-s as such and the different developed Fil-s based systems, was also conducted in order to evaluate the suitability of this complex and challenging waste stream to replace virgin PE-based pipe and fitting products, in compliance to ASTM D3350 standard. The outcomes of the present work contributed to define a code, for each Fil-s system investigated, useful for identifying the level of their performance in piping applications. All the recyclates were extruded as pipes by using a pilot scale plant, but the process resulted more stable and continuous with the compatibilized Fil-s, as it was deducible from its flow properties. Moreover, the best mechanical performances were exhibited by the hot-washed Fil-s pipes, with an increase in pipe stiffness equal to 65% respect to the unwashed sample.

show abstract

Use of recycled materials as mid layer in three layered structures-new possibility in design for recycling

Cited by 37 publications

References 36 publications

Mechanical Recycling of Packaging Plastics: A Review

Mechanical Recycling of Packaging Plastics: A Review

Current status of biobased and biodegradable food packaging materials: Impact on food quality and effect of innovative processing technologies

Study on Improving the Processability and Properties of Mixed Polyolefin Post-Consumer Plastics for Piping Applications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About