Use of recombinant calreticulin and cercarial transformation fluid (CTF) in the serodiagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni

Aswad, Bahaa El Deen Wade El; Doenhoff, Michael J.; Hadidi, Abeer S El; Schwaeble, Wilhelm; Lynch, Nicholas J.

doi:10.1016/j.imbio.2010.06.014

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…[47][48][49][50] Interestingly, anti-CRT IgA titers are more useful than anti-CRT IgG levels for detecting mammary, colorectal, hepatocellular and pancreatic carcinomas, alcoholic hepatitis, refractory celiac disease or primary biliary cirrhosis. 30,[51][52][53] High concentrations of anti-CRT IgA antibodies were more frequently detected in lymph node-positive breast cancers than IgG antibodies, but failed to correlate with CRT membrane expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of humoral immune responses to the antitumor effects mediated by anthracyclines

et al. 2013

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Immunogenic cell death induced by cytotoxic compounds contributes to the success of selected chemotherapies by eliciting a protective anticancer immune response, which is mediated by CD4 þ and CD8 þ T cells producing interferon-c. In many instances, cancer progression is associated with high titers of tumor-specific antibodies, which become detectable in the serum, but whose functional relevance is elusive. Here, we explored the role of humoral immune responses in the anticancer efficacy of anthracyclines. Chemotherapy reduced the number of tumor-infiltrating B cells, and failed to promote humoral responses against immunodominant tumor antigens. Although anthracycline-based anticancer chemotherapies failed in T cell-deficient mice, they successfully reduced the growth of cancers developing in mice lacking B lymphocytes (due to the injection of a B-celldepleting anti-CD20 antibody), immunoglobulins (Igs) or Ig receptors (Fc receptor) due to genetic manipulations. These results suggest that the humoral arm of antitumor immunity is dispensable for the immune-dependent therapeutic effect of anthracyclines against mouse sarcoma. In addition, we show here that the titers of IgA and IgG antibodies directed against an autoantigen appearing at the cell surface of tumor cells post chemotherapy (calreticulin, CRT) did not significantly increase in patients treated with anthracyclines, and that anti-CRT antibodies had no prognostic or predictive significance. Collectively, our data indicate that humoral anticancer immune responses differ from cellular responses in, thus far, that they do not contribute to the success of anthracycline-mediated anticancer therapies in human breast cancers and mouse sarcomas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of humoral immune responses to the antitumor effects mediated by anthracyclines

et al. 2013

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“…Parasitic antigens were prepared by concentrating the freshly liberated cercariae of S . mansoni from infected snails, by gravity sedimentation at 4°C [23] and by collecting the larvae of T . spiralis from infected mice by the digestion method and their concentration by gravity sedimentation [24].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Arthritic Activity of Schistosoma mansoni and Trichinella spiralis Derived-Antigens in Adjuvant Arthritis in Rats: Role of FOXP3+ Treg Cells

et al. 2016

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A growing body of evidence supports the concept of helminths therapy in a variety of autoimmune diseases. Here, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of autoclaved Schistosoma mansoni antigen (ASMA) and Trichinella spiralis antigen (ATSA) on the clinical and immunopathological features of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Adjuvant arthritis was induced by subcutaneous and intradermal injections of complete Freund’s adjuvant into the plantar surface of the right hind paw and the root of the tail, respectively. Rats were randomly assigned to serve as normal control, untreated arthritis, ASMA or ATSA-treated arthritis groups. Antigens were given by intradermal injection in two doses, two weeks apart. The development, progression of arthritic features, and the impact on animals’ gait and body weight were followed up for 4 weeks. The associated changes in serum cytokines (IL-17, IFN-γ and IL-10), joints’ histopathology and immunohistochemistry of Foxp3+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) were evaluated at the end of the study. Treatment with either ASMA or ATSA attenuated the progression of clinical features of polyarthritis, improved gait and body weight gain, reduced the elevated serum IL-17 and further increased both IFN-γ and IL-10. Histopathologically, this was associated with a remarkable regression of paws’ inflammation that was limited only to the subcutaneous tissue, and a significant increase in the number of Foxp 3+ cells versus the untreated arthritis group. In conclusion, both Schistosoma mansoni and Trichinella spiralis derived antigens exerted protective effect against adjuvant arthritis with better effect achieved by ASMA treatment. This anti-arthritic activity is attributed to upregulation of the Foxp3+ Tregs, with subsequent favorable modulation of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The use of autoclaved parasitic antigens excludes the deleterious effects of imposing helminthic infection by using live parasites, which may pave the way to a new therapeutic modality in treating RA.

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“…The test employs S. mansoni cercarial transformation fluid (SmCTF) for the detection of anti-schistosome antibodies in human blood. This antigen has been shown to perform equivalently to schistosome soluble egg antigens (SEA) in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) [40-42]. The SEA-ELISA is regularly employed in travellers’ medicine clinics, and has also been shown to be useful in schistosome-endemic areas [22,24,39,43,44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field evaluation of a new antibody-based diagnostic for Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoniat the point-of-care in northeast Zimbabwe

et al. 2014

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BackgroundRapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for use at the point-of-care (POC) are likely to become increasingly useful as large-scale control programmes for schistosomiasis get underway. Given the low sensitivity of the reference standard egg count methods in detecting light infections, more sensitive tests will be required to monitor efforts aimed at eliminating schistosomiasis as advocated by the World Health Assembly Resolution 65.21 passed in 2012.MethodsA recently developed RDT incorporating Schistosoma mansoni cercarial transformation fluid (SmCTF) for detection of anti-schistosome antibodies in human blood was here evaluated in children (mean age: 7.65 years; age range: 1-12 years) carrying light S. mansoni and S. haematobium infections in a schistosome-endemic area of Zimbabwe by comparison to standard parasitological techniques (i.e. the Kato-Katz faecal smear and urine filtration). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) incorporating S. haematobium antigen preparations were also employed for additional comparison.ResultsThe sensitivity of the SmCTF-RDT compared to standard parasitological methods was 100% while the specificity was 39.5%. It was found that the sera from RDT “false-positive” children showed significantly higher antibody titres in IgM-cercarial antigen preparation (CAP) and IgM-soluble egg antigen (SEA) ELISA assays than children identified by parasitology as “true-negatives”.ConclusionsAlthough further evaluations are necessary using more accurate reference standard tests, these results indicate that the RDT could be a useful tool for the rapid prevalence-mapping of both S. mansoni and S. haematobium in schistosome-endemic areas. It is affordable, user-friendly and allows for diagnosis of both schistosome species at the POC.

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Use of recombinant calreticulin and cercarial transformation fluid (CTF) in the serodiagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni

Cited by 23 publications

References 33 publications

Contribution of humoral immune responses to the antitumor effects mediated by anthracyclines

Contribution of humoral immune responses to the antitumor effects mediated by anthracyclines

Anti-Arthritic Activity of Schistosoma mansoni and Trichinella spiralis Derived-Antigens in Adjuvant Arthritis in Rats: Role of FOXP3+ Treg Cells

Field evaluation of a new antibody-based diagnostic for Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoniat the point-of-care in northeast Zimbabwe

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