Use of Rapid Dipstick and Latex Agglutination Tests and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Serodiagnosis of Amebic Liver Abscess, Amebic Colitis, and Entamoeba histolytica Cyst Passage

Abstract

A homemade enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a dipstick assay (Dipstick) for the detection of anti-Entamoeba histolytica antibodies in serum were developed and evaluated together with a commercially available latex agglutination test (LAT; Laboratoires Fumouze) for their use in serodiagnosis of amebiasis. The sensitivity of these assays was evaluated with sera from 27 patients with radiologically proven, cellulose acetate precipitation (CAP) test-positive amebic liver abscess, 7 patients with parasitologically and PCR-proven amebic colitis, and 11 patients with parasitologically and PCR-proven E. histolytica cyst passage. The sensitivities of the ELISA, Dipstick, and LAT were all 93.3% (42/45). With a combination of Dipstick and LAT, all abscess and colitis patients had at least one positive result. The specificity was assessed with 238 sera from patients with various parasitic, bacterial, viral, and fungal infectious diseases, sera containing autoimmune antibodies, and sera from healthy blood donors. The specificities of the ELISA, Dipstick, and LAT were 97.1%, 98.1%, and 99.5%, respectively. Of 61 sera from patients with PCR-proven E. dispar infection, 60 (98.4%) were negative in both Dipstick and LAT and 59 (96.7%) were negative in ELISA. Our data suggest that all three assays are sensitive serological tests. The rapid LAT and Dipstick provide fast results and can easily be applied in routine laboratories in order to facilitate the diagnosis of amebiasis.

Evolution in Malaria Disease Detection: From Parasite Visualization to Colloidal‐Based Rapid Diagnostic

“…Latex agglutination test (LAT) has been widely used in medicine for detection of substances (hormones, drugs or proteins) in biological fluids including saliva, urine, or blood (32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37). Because of many advantages over other tests, that is, fast, easy, highly selective, and inexpensive, LAT is applied to detect over 100 infectious diseases (38)(39)(40).…”

“…6. This approach is applicable to mono and polyvalent antigens, that is, drugs, hormones, and proteins (38). Currently, many infectious diseases including leptospirosis, amebiasis, and Entamoeba histolytica Cyst Passage can be diagnosed with high sensitivity and specificity (>90%) by using the indirect LAT (32,34,44). …”

Seroprevalence of Entamoeba histolytica from a tertiary care hospital, South India

“…[ 10 11 ] Hence, rapid serodiagnosis for suspected cases of amebiasis is often an important tool in clinical decision making and can be of help in the reduction of the costs of additional treatment and prolonged hospital stay. [ 12 3 ]…”

Intact parasite-antigen ELISA test: a new dimension for serodiagnosis of Amoebiasis

“…Plate ELISA is successfully applied to the serodiagnosis of amoebiasis. (Rosenblatt et al, 1995, Punthuprapasa et al, 2001, Haghighi et al, 2005) Dot ELISA for serodiagnosis of amoebiasis is also reported (Mahajan et al, 1989: Lopez et al, 1991, Yamura et al, 2003, Van Doorn et al, 2005, Dhanalakshmi et al, 2016. The present study was undertaken to develop Intact Parasite Antigen-ELISA (IPA-ELISA)test in the diagnosis of intestinal and extraintestinal amoebiasis and also to determine its sensitivity and specificity in comparision to Plate-ELISA, Dot Elisa.The relative merits of tests were also found out for clinical and epidemiological sur-vey of amoebiasis.…”