Use of positron-emitting tracer imaging system for measuring the effect of salinity on temporal and spatial distribution of 11C tracer and coupling between source and sink organs

Suwa, Rempei; Fujimaki, Shu; Suzui, Nobuo; Kawachi, Naoki; Ishii, Shinya; Sakamoto, Koichi; Nguyen, Nguyen Tran; Saneoka, Hirofumi; Mohapatra, Pravat K.; Moghaieb, Reda E. A.; Matsuhashi, Sachiko; Fujita, Kazuo

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2008.03.022

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Salt stress has an inhibitory effect on photosynthesis (Suwa et al, 2008) and in many cases it leads to growth impairment, more important in leaves than in roots (Lohaus et al, 2000). In maize, phloem sucrose concentrations were not altered by salt stress, whereas amino-acid and Na + contents of the sieve tube sap increased.…”

Section: Effects Of Abiotic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Source-to-sink transport of sugar and regulation by environmental factors

Lemoine¹,

Camera²,

Atanassova³

et al. 2013

Front. Plant Sci.

891

605

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Source-to-sink transport of sugar is one of the major determinants of plant growth and relies on the efficient and controlled distribution of sucrose (and some other sugars such as raffinose and polyols) across plant organs through the phloem. However, sugar transport through the phloem can be affected by many environmental factors that alter source/sink relationships. In this paper, we summarize current knowledge about the phloem transport mechanisms and review the effects of several abiotic (water and salt stress, mineral deficiency, CO2, light, temperature, air, and soil pollutants) and biotic (mutualistic and pathogenic microbes, viruses, aphids, and parasitic plants) factors. Concerning abiotic constraints, alteration of the distribution of sugar among sinks is often reported, with some sinks as roots favored in case of mineral deficiency. Many of these constraints impair the transport function of the phloem but the exact mechanisms are far from being completely known. Phloem integrity can be disrupted (e.g., by callose deposition) and under certain conditions, phloem transport is affected, earlier than photosynthesis. Photosynthesis inhibition could result from the increase in sugar concentration due to phloem transport decrease. Biotic interactions (aphids, fungi, viruses…) also affect crop plant productivity. Recent breakthroughs have identified some of the sugar transporters involved in these interactions on the host and pathogen sides. The different data are discussed in relation to the phloem transport pathways. When possible, the link with current knowledge on the pathways at the molecular level will be highlighted.

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Section: Effects Of Abiotic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The higher amount of amino acids delivered to the roots could partly explain the increased root/shoot ratio (Lohaus et al, 2000). However, in tomato, salt stress can have a direct inhibitory effect on phloem sucrose loading and translocation, leading to a deficit in sucrose partitioning to the roots (Suwa et al, 2008). …”

Section: Effects Of Abiotic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source-to-sink transport of sugar and regulation by environmental factors

Lemoine¹,

Camera²,

Atanassova³

et al. 2013

Front. Plant Sci.

891

605

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, the combination of positron emission tomography (PET) and a positron-emitting isotope permits the real-time dynamics of sugar transport to be visualized (Fiorani and Schurr, 2013;Lee et al, 2013;Partelová et al, 2014;Fraas and Lüthen, 2015;Hubeau and Steppe, 2015;Karve et al, 2015). Previously, [ 11 C]-labeling has been used to study phloem transport and the effects of different stresses on translocation (Moorby et al, 1963;Troughton et al, 1977;Thorpe et al, 1998;Minchin and Thorpe, 2003;Matsuhashi et al, 2006;Thorpe et al, 2007;Suwa et al, 2008;Kawachi et al, 2011;Karve et al, 2015). 11 C is often used in the form of [ 11 C]CO 2 , a substrate of photosynthesis, which is directly incorporated into photoassimilates, such as sucrose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo transport of three radioactive [18F]-fluorinated deoxysucrose analogs by the maize sucrose transporter ZmSUT1

Trần

Hampton

Brossard

et al. 2017

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

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Sucrose transporter (SUT) proteins translocate sucrose across cell membranes; however, mechanistic aspects of sucrose binding by SUTs are not well resolved. Specific hydroxyl groups in sucrose participate in hydrogen bonding with SUT proteins. We previously reported that substituting a radioactive fluorine-18 [F] at the C-6' position within the fructosyl moiety of sucrose did not affect sucrose transport by the maize (Zea mays) ZmSUT1 protein. To determine how F substitution of hydroxyl groups at two other positions within sucrose, the C-1' in the fructosyl moiety or the C-6 in the glucosyl moiety, impact sucrose transport, we synthesized 1'-[F]fluoro-1'-deoxysucrose and 6-[F]fluoro-6-deoxysucrose ([F]FDS) analogs. Each [F]FDS derivative was independently introduced into wild-type or sut1 mutant plants, which are defective in sucrose phloem loading. All three (1'-, 6'-, and 6-) [F]FDS derivatives were efficiently and equally translocated, similarly to carbon-14 [C]-labeled sucrose. Hence, individually replacing the hydroxyl groups at these positions within sucrose does not interfere with substrate recognition, binding, or membrane transport processes, and hydroxyl groups at these three positions are not essential for hydrogen bonding between sucrose and ZmSUT1. [F]FDS imaging afforded several advantages compared to [C]-sucrose detection. We calculated that 1'-[F]FDS was transported at approximately a rate of 0.90 ± 0.15 m.h-1 in wild-type leaves, and at 0.68 ± 0.25 m.h-1 in sut1 mutant leaves. Collectively, our data indicated that [F]FDS analogs are valuable tools to probe sucrose-SUT interactions and to monitor sucrose transport in plants.

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“…PET generates high‐resolution images in real time by detecting characteristic emissions from tracers that incorporate high‐energy radioisotopes. The tracers can be particular plant metabolites such as hormones and sugars, or raw materials such as carbon dioxide, water and nitrate, and introduced to the plant via direct application, photosynthesis (for CO 2 ) or root uptake (Kiser et al ; Suwa et al ; Jahnke et al ; Tsukamoto et al ; Kanno et al ; Lee et al ; Wang et al ; Karve et al ; Pankievicz et al ). When combined with XRT, MRI or optical imaging, PET can directly measure structural‐functional relationships (Figure ) (Jahnke et al ).…”

Section: How Can We Use a Growing Body Of Knowledge About Root Architmentioning

confidence: 99%

How can we harness quantitative genetic variation in crop root systems for agricultural improvement?

Topp

Bray

Ellis

et al. 2016

JIPB

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Root systems are a black box obscuring a comprehensive understanding of plant function, from the ecosystem scale down to the individual. In particular, a lack of knowledge about the genetic mechanisms and environmental effects that condition root system growth hinders our ability to develop the next generation of crop plants for improved agricultural productivity and sustainability. We discuss how the methods and metrics we use to quantify root systems can affect our ability to understand them, how we can bridge knowledge gaps and accelerate the derivation of structure-function relationships for roots, and why a detailed mechanistic understanding of root growth and function will be important for future agricultural gains.Keywords: Architecture; genetics; imaging; quantification; root Citation: Topp CN, Bray AL, Ellis NA, Liu Z (2016) How can we harness quantitative genetic variation in crop root systems for agricultural improvement?.

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Use of positron-emitting tracer imaging system for measuring the effect of salinity on temporal and spatial distribution of 11C tracer and coupling between source and sink organs

Abstract: Title: Use of positron emitting tracer system for measuring the effect of salinity on temporal and spatial distribution of 11C tracer and coupling between source and sink organs.

Cited by 23 publications

References 30 publications

Source-to-sink transport of sugar and regulation by environmental factors

Source-to-sink transport of sugar and regulation by environmental factors

In vivo transport of three radioactive [18F]-fluorinated deoxysucrose analogs by the maize sucrose transporter ZmSUT1

How can we harness quantitative genetic variation in crop root systems for agricultural improvement?

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