Use of polymer fiber stationary phases for liquid chromatography separations: Part II – applications

Abstract

The idea of using polymer fibers as stationary phases for LC is not a new one. There are in fact a number of good reasons for which they should be considered. Presented here are a number of applications of polymer fiber stationary phases for chemical separations. Fibers placed in columns are employed in three basic formats: staple, whole fabrics, and aligned fibers. Natural and synthetic fibers have found use in a variety of chromatographic modes including RP, size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and IEC. Consistent among these examples are the ability to employ high mobile phase flow rates with minimal back pressures. The most promising applications are in the separation of macromolecules, where the mass transfer characteristics of the phases result in the ability to run at high linear velocities without penalty. This bodes well in particular for process applications.

Initial evaluation of protein throughput and yield characteristics on nylon 6 capillary‐channeled polymer (C‐CP) fiber stationary phases by frontal analysis

“…In addition to the more common support/stationary phases described above, there have been attempts to develop fiberbased chromatographic systems for bioseparations. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] As described by Marcus,20,21 there are practical reasons to investigate fibrous phases for protein separations, these include low-cost readily available materials, the ability to affect multiple column formats, a diversity of native and functionalized surfaces, and excellent fluidics and mass transfer characteristics. Natural and synthetic polymer fibers have found use in a variety of chromatographic modes.…”

“…Ladisch and co-workers were some of the earliest proponents in their use of LC columns packed with continuous rolled fabric stationary phases for separating proteins. 12,[15][16][17] Mechanical stability, minimal porosity, and the ability to operate at relatively low back pressures were realized, with static BSA binding capacities of 115 mg g 21 of fabric, which reduced by a factor of 6 at linear velocities up to 54 cm min 21 . 16 Pinto and coworkers extended the works of Wikstrom and Larson, 9 using polysulfone (PS) as the base polymer in randomly packed, short-fiber columns for anion exchange separation of BSA and b-lactoglobulin.…”

Overload Effects in Reversed Phase Protein Separations using Capillary‐Channeled Polymer Fiber Columns

“…For decades, new stationary phases holding advantages in terms of efficiency, high throughput, and low‐cost have attracted great interest, including porous and non‐porous beads, monoliths and membranes . In addition to the more common support/stationary phases, there have been attempts to develop fiber‐based chromatographic stationary phases for protein separations . Natural and synthetic polymer fibers have found use in a variety of chromatographic modes, including materials such as cellulose (cotton), polystyrene sulfonate, polypropylene (PP), and polyester (PET).…”

Paper and Fiber-Based Bio-Diagnostic Platforms: Current Challenges and Future Needs

“…The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique has drawn a great deal of attention toward polymer fibers for separation purposes [43]. High capacity/mass transfer rates, desirable chemistry as well as non-denaturing and re-generable surfaces established fibers as favorable candidates for protein separation with a specific focus on preparative scale separations [43].…”

“…The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique has drawn a great deal of attention toward polymer fibers for separation purposes [43]. High capacity/mass transfer rates, desirable chemistry as well as non-denaturing and re-generable surfaces established fibers as favorable candidates for protein separation with a specific focus on preparative scale separations [43]. In the area of medical diagnostic carbon-based platforms such as single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), carbon micro/nano-fibers and composite carbon fibers offered significant advancement in the bio-recognition of a wide range of bio-molecular entities through electrochemical detection [44][45][46].…”