Use of Poly(I:C) Stabilized with Chitosan As a Vaccine-Adjuvant Against<i>Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus</i>Infection in Zebrafish

Kavaliauskis, Arturas; Arnemo, Marianne; Kim, Sung-Hyun; Ulanova, Lilia S.; Speth, Martin; Novoa, Beatriz; Dios, S.; Evensen, Øystein; Griffiths, Gareth; Gjøen, Tor

doi:10.1089/zeb.2015.1126

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…At lower temperatures, embryos/larvae grow more slowly but for adult fish there are no known behavioural differences at the temperatures in the proposed range. Therefore, during certain experimental conditions such as, for example, the development of vaccines against virus infections in cold-water species, 32 lower temperatures (15 C) may be applied.…”

Section: 25 49 50mentioning

confidence: 99%

Zebrafish: Housing and husbandry recommendations

et al. 2019

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This article provides recommendations for the care of laboratory zebrafish ( Danio rerio) as part of the further implementation of Annex A to the European Convention on the protection of vertebrate animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes, EU Commission Recommendation 2007/526/EC and the fulfilment of Article 33 of EU Directive 2010/63, both concerning the housing and care of experimental animals. The recommendations provide guidance on best practices and ranges of husbandry parameters within which zebrafish welfare, as well as reproducibility of experimental procedures, are assured. Husbandry procedures found today in zebrafish facilities are numerous. While the vast majority of these practices are perfectly acceptable in terms of zebrafish physiology and welfare, the reproducibility of experimental results could be improved by further standardisation of husbandry procedures and exchange of husbandry information between laboratories. Standardisation protocols providing ranges of husbandry parameters are likely to be more successful and appropriate than the implementation of a set of fixed guidance values neglecting the empirically successful daily routines of many facilities and will better reflect the wide range of environmental parameters that characterise the natural habitats occupied by zebrafish. A joint working group on zebrafish housing and husbandry recommendations, with members of the European Society for Fish Models in Biology and Medicine (EUFishBioMed) and of the Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associations (FELASA) has been given a mandate to provide guidelines based on a FELASA list of parameters, ‘Terms of Reference’.

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Section: 25 49 50mentioning

confidence: 99%

Zebrafish: Housing and husbandry recommendations

et al. 2019

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“…These differences continue between fish and humans with regard to poly I:C. Human TLR3 responds very strongly to poly I:C, whereas this was not the case for a fish ( Takifugu rubripes ) TLR3, which responded most strongly to one length of ivt-dsRNA compared with poly IC or other lengths of ivt-dsRNA ( 29 ). In vivo , poly I:C has had mixed effects as an antiviral therapy, being an effective protection mechanism against red-spotted grouper necrosis virus in sevenband grouper ( 59 ), but in zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) infected with VHSV poly I:C was able to delay symptoms but only prevented mortality in 5% of fish ( 60 ). Clearly, there is room for increasing the efficacy of dsRNA-based antiviral therapies in fish past the protection that poly IC can provide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Viral dsRNA-Mediated Innate Immune Responses at the Cellular Level Using a Rainbow Trout Model

Poynter

DeWitte‐Orr

2018

Front. Immunol.

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Viruses across genome types produce long dsRNA molecules during replication [viral (v-) dsRNA]. dsRNA is a potent signaling molecule and inducer of type I interferon (IFN), leading to the production of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), and a protective antiviral state within the cell. Research on dsRNA-induced immune responses has relied heavily on a commercially available, and biologically irrelevant dsRNA, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C). Alternatively, dsRNA can be produced by in vitro transcription (ivt-) dsRNA, with a defined sequence and length. We hypothesized that ivt-dsRNA, containing legitimate viral sequence and length, would be a more appropriate proxy for v-dsRNA, compared with poly I:C. This is the first study to investigate the effects of v-dsRNA on the innate antiviral response and to compare v-dsRNA to ivt-dsRNA-induced responses in fish cells, specifically rainbow trout. Previously, class A scavenger receptors (SR-As) were found to be surface receptors for poly I:C in rainbow trout cells. In this study, ivt-dsRNA binding was blocked by poly I:C and v-dsRNA, as well as SR-A competitive ligands, suggesting all three dsRNA molecules are recognized by SR-As. Downstream innate antiviral effects were determined by measuring IFN and ISG transcript levels using qRT-PCR and antiviral assays. Similar to what has been shown previously with ivt-dsRNA, v-dsRNA was able to induce IFN and ISG transcript production between 3 and 24 h, and its effects were length dependent (i.e., longer v-dsRNA produced a stronger response). Interestingly, when v-dsRNA and ivt-dsRNA were length and sequence matched both molecules induced statistically similar IFN and ISG transcript levels, which resulted in similar antiviral states against two aquatic viruses. To pursue sequence effects further, three ivt-dsRNA molecules of the same length but different sequences (including host and viral sequences) were tested for their ability to induce IFN/ISG transcripts and an antiviral state. All three induced responses similarly. This study is the first of its kind to look at the effects v-dsRNA in fish cells as well as to compare ivt-dsRNA to v-dsRNA, and suggests that ivt-dsRNA may be a good surrogate for v-dsRNA in the study of dsRNA-induced responses and potential future antiviral therapies.

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“…In recent times, however, vaccines for fish have emerged as the most efficient and promising solution [37,38]. Zebrafish must be susceptible towards the disease under investigation to represent a good model for prophylactic studies and several studies on protection have been conducted [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53]. The zebrafish has also been used in a few studies for treatment purposes and has contributed with new knowledge for control of diseases [54,55].…”

Section: Prophylactic Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An attenuated virus was used for immunization and induced protection against VHSV at 15 • C, illustrating that zebrafish are able to mount a protective response even at a low temperature. A study on adjuvant efficacy has also been conducted using zebrafish and VHSV infections [50].…”

Section: Vhsvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zebrafish as a Model for Fish Diseases in Aquaculture

Jørgensen

2020

Pathogens

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The use of zebrafish as a model for human conditions is widely recognized. Within the last couple of decades, the zebrafish has furthermore increasingly been utilized as a model for diseases in aquacultured fish species. The unique tools available in zebrafish present advantages compared to other animal models and unprecedented in vivo imaging and the use of transgenic zebrafish lines have contributed with novel knowledge to this field. In this review, investigations conducted in zebrafish on economically important diseases in aquacultured fish species are included. Studies are summarized on bacterial, viral and parasitic diseases and described in relation to prophylactic approaches, immunology and infection biology. Considerable attention has been assigned to innate and adaptive immunological responses. Finally, advantages and drawbacks of using the zebrafish as a model for aquacultured fish species are discussed.

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Use of Poly(I:C) Stabilized with Chitosan As a Vaccine-Adjuvant AgainstViral Hemorrhagic Septicemia VirusInfection in Zebrafish

Cited by 27 publications

References 63 publications

Zebrafish: Housing and husbandry recommendations

Zebrafish: Housing and husbandry recommendations

Understanding Viral dsRNA-Mediated Innate Immune Responses at the Cellular Level Using a Rainbow Trout Model

Zebrafish as a Model for Fish Diseases in Aquaculture

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