Use of pinene as a solvent for the synthesis of aluminophosphate and its application in the hydrogenation of pinene

Selective hydrogenation of α‐pinene on a nickel supported aluminophosphate catalyst: Process optimization and reaction kinetics

“…The support APO‐PT (pinene‐thermal‐synthesized aluminophosphate) was prepared following the procedure given in the reference 21 . Briefly, 3.9 g of Al(OH) 3 (Al source), 5.8 g of H 3 PO 4 (P source), and 5.6 g of triethylamine (TEA, structure‐directing agent) were added into 50 g of α‐pinene (solvent) and stirred for 4 h. The obtained gel was placed into a PTFE‐lined autoclave (100 mL) for crystallization at 453 K for 36 h. Subsequently, the crystallization product was filtered, washed, dried at 383 K for 24 h, and then calcined in a muffle at 773 K for 5 h. The product was used as the catalyst support.…”

“…The support APO-PT (pinene-thermal-synthesized aluminophosphate) was prepared following the procedure given in the reference. 21 Briefly, 3.9 g of Al(OH) 3 (Al source), 5.8 g of H 3 PO 4 (P source), and 5.6 g of triethylamine (TEA, structure-directing agent) were added into 50 g of α-pinene (solvent) and stirred for 4 h. The obtained gel was placed into a PTFE-lined autoclave (100 mL) for crystallization at 453 K for 36 h. Subsequently, the crystallization product was filtered, washed, dried at 383 K for 24 h, and then calcined in a muffle at 773 K for 5 h. The product was used as the catalyst support. The catalyst Ni/APO-PT was prepared as follows: 1.5 g of APO-PT was added into a 10 mL nickel nitrate solution, where the Ni ion concentration was 10 wt% under ultrasonic vibration for 1 h. Then, the solvent was evaporated under an infrared lamp, and the remaining solid powder (Ni(NO 3 ) 2 /APO-PT) was calcined at 723 K for 3 h in a muffle.…”

“…39,40 Comparing the synthesis method of support of the Nicatalyst used for hydrogenation of pinene, it could be found that which was a proper pore size for the support could help to enhance the selectivity due to facilitating the reactants entering the channels and limiting the steric hindrance. 21,36 The support APO-PT possessed the proper pore-size characteristic, thus the Ni/APO-PT catalyst exhibited better catalytic performance than other nickel supported catalysts.…”

“…To further investigate the utilization of non‐noble metal catalysts for the hydrogenation of pinene, we prepared a Ni‐supported aluminophosphate catalyst (denoted as Ni/APO‐PT) for the hydrogenation of α‐pinene in this study. Aluminophosphate was selected as the support because it possessed a large surface area and a porous structure with excellent thermal stability, hydrothermal stability, and oxidation resistance, and itself did not possess catalytic properties 21–24 . The hydrogenation process was optimized, and the reaction kinetics were determined.…”

“…Aluminophosphate was selected as the support because it possessed a large surface area and a porous structure with excellent thermal stability, hydrothermal stability, and oxidation resistance, and itself did not possess catalytic properties. [21][22][23][24] The hydrogenation process was optimized, and the reaction kinetics were determined. The observations in this study suggested that the catalyst exhibited excellent activity for the reaction and that the system could be further applied.…”