Use of Phytohormones in Conferring Tolerance to Environmental Stress

Ali, Shafaqat; Shahid, Sumreena; Nazar, Naima; Hussain, Abdullah Ijaz; Ali, Shafaqat; Chatha, Shahzad Ali Shahid; Perveen, Rashida; Naseem, Jazia; Haider, Muhammad Zulqurnain; Hussain, Basharat; Hussain, Syed Murtaza

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-2172-0_11

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 325 publications

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“…Increases in the Chl a , Chl b , total Chl, and Car levels of E. urophylla plants sprayed with EBR revealed a lower accumulation of ROS (O 2 − and H 2 O 2 ), reducing the oxidative damages, benefiting the chloroplast membranes (Figure 5). In parallel, Ali et al (2020) described that BRs protect plant cells against environmental stresses, including drought. These results were confirmed by the reductions in the MDA and EL levels previously described in this study, combined with increases in the biosynthesis of these pigments (Hayat et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the roles of brassinosteroids in alleviating drought stress in young Eucalyptus urophylla plants: Implications on redox homeostasis and photosynthetic apparatus

Barros

Lima

Alsahli

et al. 2020

Physiologia Plantarum

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Water deficit is the most limiting abiotic stress to plants because it affects several physiological and biochemical processes. Brassinosteroids, including 24-epibrassinolide (EBR), are steroids that regulate growth and positively act on gas exchange. This research aims to determine whether EBR can attenuate the negative effects of water deficit, revealing possible contributions of this steroid on photosynthetic machinery of young Eucalyptus urophylla plants under water deficit. The experiment had a completely randomized factorial design with two water conditions (control and water deficit) and three levels of EBR (0, 50, and 100 nM EBR). Water deficit caused a decrease in the levels of total chlorophyll and carotenoids, but these photosynthetic pigments increased by 135 and 226%, respectively, in plants sprayed with EBR when compared to the water deficit + 0 nM EBR treatment. Regarding the antioxidant system, 100 nM EBR induced significant increments in superoxide dismutase (42%), catalase (52%), ascorbate peroxidase (147%), and peroxidase (204%).Steroid application in E. urophylla plants exposed to water deficit increased the effective quantum yield of the photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry and electron transport rate. However, interestingly, it decreased the nonphotochemical quenching and relative energy excess at the PSII level, indicating improvements related to PSII efficiency. This research revealed that application of 100 nM EBR attenuated the negative effects caused by water deficit, being explained by the positive repercussions on antioxidant enzyme activities, chloroplastic pigments, PSII efficiency, electron flux, and net photosynthetic rate. | INTRODUCTIONThe genus Eucalyptus has more than 700 species, distributed across more than 20 million hectares of the world's temperate and tropical regions (Mora et al.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the roles of brassinosteroids in alleviating drought stress in young Eucalyptus urophylla plants: Implications on redox homeostasis and photosynthetic apparatus

Barros

Lima

Alsahli

et al. 2020

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…In order to alleviate osmotic stress, osmolytes further modulate the enhanced expression of genes involved in synthesis of plant hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), cytokinins (CK), salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), auxins, polyamines, brassinosteroids (BRs) and gibberellins (GRs) ( Fahad et al, 2015 ; Rao et al, 2016 ). These hormones has diverse role in modulating the signaling pathways during the emergence of salinity stress ( Ali et al, 2020 ). Since, osmolytes and phytohormones have been elucidated to have a significant role under demanding environmental conditions; it is therefore becoming crucial to understand the regulation of osmolytes and phytohormones and further correlate the roles of the same.…”

Section: Phytohormone Signaling Mediates Osmoprotectants Biosynthesis...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt stress resilience in plants mediated through osmolyte accumulation and its crosstalk mechanism with phytohormones

et al. 2022

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Salinity stress is one of the significant abiotic stresses that influence critical metabolic processes in the plant. Salinity stress limits plant growth and development by adversely affecting various physiological and biochemical processes. Enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced via salinity stress subsequently alters macromolecules such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, and thus constrains crop productivity. Due to which, a decreasing trend in cultivable land and a rising world population raises a question of global food security. In response to salt stress signals, plants adapt defensive mechanisms by orchestrating the synthesis, signaling, and regulation of various osmolytes and phytohormones. Under salinity stress, osmolytes have been investigated to stabilize the osmotic differences between the surrounding of cells and cytosol. They also help in the regulation of protein folding to facilitate protein functioning and stress signaling. Phytohormones play critical roles in eliciting a salinity stress adaptation response in plants. These responses enable the plants to acclimatize to adverse soil conditions. Phytohormones and osmolytes are helpful in minimizing salinity stress-related detrimental effects on plants. These phytohormones modulate the level of osmolytes through alteration in the gene expression pattern of key biosynthetic enzymes and antioxidative enzymes along with their role as signaling molecules. Thus, it becomes vital to understand the roles of these phytohormones on osmolyte accumulation and regulation to conclude the adaptive roles played by plants to avoid salinity stress.

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“…Additionally, the decline in turgor pressure negatively affects plant cell development under drought stress [24]. Specifically, reduced water availability from the xylem to neighboring cells can impact cell elongation [57]. Our results indicated significant accumulations of lignin and acid-soluble lignin in the roots, stems, and leaves of Fany following drought stress (Figure 3), suggesting that cell development, as a physiological process, is more sensitive to drought stress in fiber flax compared to oil flax.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Evaluation of Differentially Expressed Genes in Leaves vs. Roots Subjected to Drought Stress in Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Wang

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Drought stress is a common environmental challenge that plants face, severely constraining plant growth and reducing crop yield and quality. Several studies have highlighted distinct responses between monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. However, the mechanisms underlying flax tolerance to abiotic stress, such as drought, remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics and the genome-wide gene expression of oil flax and fiber flax in response to drought stress. The results revealed that drought stress caused significant wilting of flax leaves. Within the first 24 h of stress, various physiological and biochemical characteristics exhibited rapid responses. These included fresh weight, relative water content (RWC), proline, soluble protein, soluble sugar, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) in the leaves or roots of flax. Additionally, drought stress led to a significant rise in lignin content in fiber flax. In addition, the transcriptome analysis demonstrated genome-wide variations in gene expression induced by drought stress. Specifically, genes associated with photosynthesis, proline biosynthesis, and phytohormone metabolism exhibited significant differences in expression levels under stress conditions in flax. These findings highlight the rapid response of flax to drought stress within a short-term period. Our experiment also revealed that, although there were variations in the levels of small compound content or gene expression between Longya10 and Fany under drought stress, most stress-resistance responses were similar. Furthermore, the results provide additional evidence supporting the existence of mechanisms underlying the response to drought stress in plants.

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Use of Phytohormones in Conferring Tolerance to Environmental Stress

Cited by 10 publications

References 325 publications

Unraveling the roles of brassinosteroids in alleviating drought stress in young Eucalyptus urophylla plants: Implications on redox homeostasis and photosynthetic apparatus

Unraveling the roles of brassinosteroids in alleviating drought stress in young Eucalyptus urophylla plants: Implications on redox homeostasis and photosynthetic apparatus

Salt stress resilience in plants mediated through osmolyte accumulation and its crosstalk mechanism with phytohormones

Evaluation of Differentially Expressed Genes in Leaves vs. Roots Subjected to Drought Stress in Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

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