Use of percutaneous transvenous coil embolization in the treatment of intrahepatic portosystemic shunts in four cats

Abstract

A 7-month-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat (cat 1) was evaluated at the UCD-VMTH for treatment of an IHPSS. Neurologic signs of ataxia, head pressing, and disorientation were first noted by the owner when the cat was approximately 2 months old (1 month after its adoption). Initial laboratory diagnostic testing (a CBC, serum biochemical panel, and assessment of plasma ammonia concentration) performed by the primary veterinarian at that time revealed hyperglycemia (168 mg/dL; reference interval, 79 to 126 mg/dL), low-normal BUN concentration (11 mg/dL; reference interval, 10 to 30 mg/dL), low creatinine concentration (0.4 mg/dL; reference inter

Surgical treatment and outcome of intrahepatic shunts in 12 cats

“…The distribution of IHPSS locations in the present study is similar to that previously described, with left divisional IHPSS (patent ductus venosus) being the most common. 12,18,23,24 In dogs, open surgical treatment of IHPSS vs EHPSS is generally considered to be more challenging owing to an increased risk of haemorrhage when dissecting around the intrahepatic shunt, especially a central divisional IHPSS. 11,25 This has led to less invasive methods of intrahepatic shunt attenuation, such as endovascular coil embolisation being developed for dogs, and, more recently, for cats.…”

“…This study describes 12 cats treated surgically for an IHPSS, of which the majority of cats survived the perioperative period and had excellent long-term outcomes, which is consistent with the relatively small number of cats with IHPSS reported in the literature to date. 12,16–18…”

“…The distribution of IHPSS locations in the present study is similar to that previously described, with left divisional IHPSS (patent ductus venosus) being the most common. 12,18,23,24…”

Percutaneous transvenous coil embolization of an extrahepatic portosystemic shunt in a cat

“… 7 In 3/4 cats with preoperative neurologic signs, no complications occurred, and all neurologic abnormalities had resolved at the long-term follow-up. 7 Given this recent success and similarity to the technique previously reported, we performed PTCE in the cat described herein. The procedure itself was nearly identical to that performed in cat 4 by Culp et al 7 The use of microcatheters, small vascular stents and microcoils facilitated the procedure.…”

“… 7 Given this recent success and similarity to the technique previously reported, we performed PTCE in the cat described herein. The procedure itself was nearly identical to that performed in cat 4 by Culp et al 7 The use of microcatheters, small vascular stents and microcoils facilitated the procedure. From a technical standpoint, there was minimal difference from previous experience with intrahepatic shunts in cats and toy-breed dogs.…”