Use of oysters to mitigate eutrophication in coastal waters

Kellogg, M. Lisa; Smyth, Ashley R.; Luckenbach, Mark W.; Carmichael, Ruth H.; Brown, Bonnie L.; Cornwell, Jeffrey C.; Piehler, Michael F.; Owens, Michael S.; Dalrymple, D. Joseph; Higgins, Colleen B.

doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2014.09.025

Cited by 151 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(106 reference statements)

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“…, rates that are similar to previously reported high values in Chesapeake Bay (Kellogg et al 2013(Kellogg et al , 2014. Although the present study did not directly measure nitrification and its coupling to denitrification, massbalance calculations suggest that sediment nitrification drove the vast majority (~90%) of de nitrification in these experiments (Fig.…”

Section: Biomass and N-cycling Processessupporting

confidence: 73%

Short-term effects of nereid polychaete size and density on sediment inorganic nitrogen cycling under varying oxygen conditions

Bosch

Cornwell²,

Kemp³

2015

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Chronic eutrophication and expanding seasonal hypoxia (O 2 < 63 µM) in estuaries like Chesapeake Bay have altered benthic faunal communities in favor of opportunistic species that can quickly populate organic-rich sediments following hypoxic events. It has been suggested that the biogenic activity of polychaetes can stimulate microbial ammonification, nitrification, and/or denitrification in estuarine sediments as well as increase the fluxes of inorganic nitrogen (NH 4 + , NO 2 − , NO 3 − , N 2 ) across the sediment−water interface. Results of 2 laboratory experiments with the opportunistic polychaete Alitta (Neanthes) succinea were used to quantify the short-term influence of density and size of surface-feeding polychaetes on denitrification and sediment− water fluxes of inorganic nitrogen under varying oxygen conditions. This study shows that polychaete enhancements of O 2 and nitrogen fluxes were strongly correlated with total animal biomass. Fluxes of O 2 , NH 4 + and N 2 were stimulated by presence of animals for both larger and smaller worms, but per capita effects were greater for the deep-burrowing larger polychaetes. With the onset of hypoxic conditions, all density treatments had reductions in O 2 , NH 4 + and N 2 fluxes, with the high-density treatment showing the greatest change. Denitrification efficiency was 33% higher for experiments with large worms than for smaller worm treatments, suggesting that the former were more effective in removing fixed nitrogen.

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Section: Biomass and N-cycling Processessupporting

confidence: 73%

Short-term effects of nereid polychaete size and density on sediment inorganic nitrogen cycling under varying oxygen conditions

Bosch

Cornwell²,

Kemp³

2015

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Additionally, as shown by and noted by others (e.g. STAC 2013; Kellogg et al 2014) removal efficiencies are highly variable from site to site and year to year; in one catastrophic event, it is possible to destroy removal capabilities at a site. The uncertainty in performance must be acknowledged and addressed before shellfish aquaculture can be fully integrated into a nutrient credit trading program.…”

Section: Credit Trading For Watershed-scale Nitrogen Controlmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Moreover, oyster reefs in the Chesapeake Bay have been shown to enhance denitrification (Kellogg et al 2013), and a comparison across a number of aquaculture and reef sites suggests that reefs display a greater potential than aquaculture for denitrification (Kellogg et al 2014).…”

Section: Water Quality Shellfish and European Legislationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Goods and services of extensive aquaculture: shellfish culture and nutrient trading

Ferreira

Bricker

2015

Aquacult Int

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Bivalve shellfish play an important role in top-down control of primary symptoms of eutrophication. This short-circuits the process of organic decomposition and promotes an enhancement of underwater light climate, improved oxygenation of bottom water, and restoration of submerged aquatic vegetation. This review analyses this ecosystem service as a potential actor in watershed-level nutrient credit trading programmes and explores the possibilities of implementation of such programmes in Europe. We examine the different components of the issue, including the eutrophication status of European coastal waters, legal and management instruments, and the use of mathematical models at both the ecosystem and farm scales to evaluate the potential removal of nitrogen by cultivated shellfish such as oysters, mussels, and clams. The annual European bivalve shellfish production of over 700,000 metric tons is estimated to generate a nitrogen removal of 46,800 t year -1 , equivalent to 14 9 10 6 population equivalent, and a minimum value of 507 9 10 6 €. We discuss future directions for this topic in Europe, drawing from ongoing research in the USA and elsewhere, in the light of the twin challenges of European aquaculture expansion and implementation of EU directives.

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“…Fahnenstiel et al 1995a, b;Caraco et al 2006;Weber et al 2010;Pires et al 2010). It is thus obvious to suggest active use of bivalve cultures to mitigate effects of excess run-off of nutrients from land (Officer et al 1982;Haamer 1996;Newell 2004;Lindahl et al 2005;Cerco and Noel 2007;Bricker et al 2014;Gallardi 2014;Kellogg et al 2014;Petersen et al 2014). Actual implementation of mussels to remove nutrients from marine waters is sparse, and to our knowledge Lysekil municipality, Sweden was in 2004 the first to use mussels to compensate for discharge of nitrogen from a sewage treatment plant during a 6-year trial period (Lindahl and Kollberg 2009;Lindahl and Söderqvist 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The use of shellfish for eutrophication control

et al. 2015

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Effects of excess loading of nutrients to the marine environment can be mitigated by mussel cultures, basically through nutrient removal from the marine environment when shellfish are harvested. Shellfish farming also provide other goods and services to the marine environment primarily through the impact on water transparency caused by shellfish filtration. There is an increasing awareness of the mitigation potential in mussel culture in relation to eutrophication, but so far practical examples of culture on full scale devoted to mitigation are few. Further, impact of mussel farming on nutrient cycling, e.g. in the sediments below the culture units, has raised concerns. In this review, we clarify concepts in relation to nutrient mitigation and discuss goods and services delivered by mussel mitigation cultures and their impact on an ecosystem scale based primarily on results from studies in heavily eutrofied estuaries. A multi-criteria approach for site selection is presented based on experiences from Danish waters, and economic aspects of mitigation cultures are analysed in relation to use of the produced mitigation mussels. Future perspectives for extractive cultures are discussed in relation to source of excess nutrients.

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Use of oysters to mitigate eutrophication in coastal waters

Cited by 151 publications

References 55 publications

Short-term effects of nereid polychaete size and density on sediment inorganic nitrogen cycling under varying oxygen conditions

Short-term effects of nereid polychaete size and density on sediment inorganic nitrogen cycling under varying oxygen conditions

Goods and services of extensive aquaculture: shellfish culture and nutrient trading

The use of shellfish for eutrophication control

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