Use of Own Waste Metal in the Production of Single-Crystal Permanent Magnets

Belyaev, I. V.; Moiseev, A. V.; Stepnov, A. A.; Kutepov, A. V.; Kireev, A. V.

doi:10.17073/0021-3438-2016-1-10-14

Izv.VUZ. Tsvet. Met.

2016

DOI: 10.17073/0021-3438-2016-1-10-14

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Use of Own Waste Metal in the Production of Single-Crystal Permanent Magnets

I. V. Belyaev¹,

A. V. Moiseev

A. A. Stepnov

et al.

Abstract: Исследована возможность использования образующихся металлических отходов при изготовлении монокристаллических постоянных магнитов из сплава ЮНДКТ5АА. Поскольку в этих отходах накапливаются вредные примеси, они повторно не вовлекались в производство. Для предотвращения загрязнения сплава примесями применена дополнительная очистка исходных шихтовых материалов при помощи твердых окислителей. Приведен пример расчета необходимого количества твердого окислителя. Осуществлена замена соприкасающегося с расплавом матер… Show more

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“…In addition, the rate of solid phase reduction is limited in the stage of reducing agent (C, CO) diffusion in solid cassiterite phase. With t > 850ºC, there is charge sintering, as a result of which the reduction rate is reduced.Melting of charges with a fl ux (CaCO 3 , SiO 2 ) in the range 1100-1200ºC increases reaction rate, although selectivity of tin reduction is lost [5]. These disadvantages are overcome with the reduction of alkali metal in molten salts [6,7].…”

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“…Melting of charges with a fl ux (CaCO 3 , SiO 2 ) in the range 1100-1200ºC increases reaction rate, although selectivity of tin reduction is lost [5]. These disadvantages are overcome with the reduction of alkali metal in molten salts [6,7].…”

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“…Tungsten powder obtained from oxide has the following composition, wt.%: W 98-99, including impurities Fe 0.2-0.3, Cu 0.3-0.4; powder from scheelite concentrate: W 96-97, Fe 0.5-0.6%, Cu 0.4-0.5; nonmetallic impurities 1.2-1. 5.…”

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Preparation of Tin and Tungsten from Mineral Concentrates in Ionic Melts

Gostishchev

et al. 2015

Metallurgist

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Features of cassiterite concentrate carbothermic reduction in melt of the salt system Na 2 CO 3 -NaNO 3 (1:0.3) are studied. It is shown that cassiterite (SnO 2 ) in molten salt (900-950ºC) is converted into the form of metastannate (Na 2 SnO 3 ) and is reduced to metal, mainly by CO gas, with a high rate and completeness (97 wt.%). Conditions are considered for preparing tungsten powder by aluminothermic reduction of scheelite concentrate in molten salts of alkali metals (It is established that powder yield is ~ 94%, and tungsten purity is 97%. It is shown that powder specifi c surface reaches 12.96·10 5 m -1 .Contemporary engineering requires the use of material exhibiting not only increased strength, but also a number of special properties (wear-, heat-, and corrosion-resistance, etc.) providing prolonged and reliable equipment operation in very different operating conditions. In order to prepare these materials from ferrous alloys (steels, cast irons, and others), it is necessary to alloy them with such elements as W, Mo. V, Ti, etc.A very promising area is development of methods for synthesizing tin and its alloys (bronzes, babbit, tin solders). The Far East region exhibits considerable mineral raw material reserves containing these elements, including tin and tungsten. In this connection, an important problem is the effective use of metal resources for production of metallic materials, and also the problem of creating new technology for preparing them with processing of tin and tungsten mineral concentrates in the areas of their recovery.An electric-arc method developed previously for obtaining tin and copper from mineral concentrates has a high energy content, prolonged preparatory processes, and other disadvantages [1]. These disadvantages may be overcome as a result of using a new method for obtaining tin.Obtaining tin by carbothermic reduction of cassiterite concentrate in molten alkali metal salts, i.e., traditional technology for producing tin metal, is a multistage process including processing ore concentrate with the aim of breaking it down, purifi cation from impurities, and subsequent reduction melting. Firing is used as preliminary treatment in order to remove sulfur and arsenic, magnetic separation is used for separating iron-containing fractions from the main mineral, and leaching is used with the aim of purifi cation from impurity elements. The concluding stage of the technology is carbothermic reduction of cassiterite, which is performed at 1200-1300ºC with the addition of fl uxes (CaCO 3 , SiO 2 ). As a result of this, alloys are obtained within whose composition there is 50-91% Sn depending on its content in the concentrate [2]. On the whole, 527 traditional technology for obtaining tin from mineral concentrates is a complex scheme, highly expensive, and does not provide suffi ciently complete tin extraction.A very advanced area is the use of alkali metal molten salts as a medium for reducing metal oxides. These melts meet to a considerable extent specifi cations for a medium within which t...

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Preparation of Tin and Tungsten from Mineral Concentrates in Ionic Melts

Gostishchev

et al. 2015

Metallurgist

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Use of Own Waste Metal in the Production of Single-Crystal Permanent Magnets

Cited by 1 publication

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Preparation of Tin and Tungsten from Mineral Concentrates in Ionic Melts

Preparation of Tin and Tungsten from Mineral Concentrates in Ionic Melts

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