Use of nouns and verbs in the oral narrative of individuals with hearing impairment and normal hearing between 5 and 11 years of age

Abstract

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Nouns and verbs indicate actions in oral communication. However, hearing impairment can compromise the acquisition of oral language to such an extent that appropriate use of these can be challenging. The objective of this study was to compare the use of nouns and verbs in the oral narrative of hearing-impaired and hearing children. DESIGN AND SETTING: Analytical cross-sectional study at the Department of Speech-Language and Hearing Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. METHODS: Twenty-one children with moderate to profound bilateral neurosensory hearing impairment and twenty-one with normal hearing (controls) were matched according to sex, school year and school type. A board showing pictures was presented to each child, to elicit a narrative and measure their performance in producing nouns and verbs. RESULTS: Twenty-two (52.4%) of the subjects were males. The mean age was 8 years (standard deviation, SD = 1.5). Comparing averages between the groups of boys and girls, we did not find any significant difference in their use of nouns, but among verbs, there was a significant difference regarding use of the imperative (P = 0.041): more frequent among boys (mean = 2.91). There was no significant difference in the use of nouns and verbs between deaf children and hearers, in relation to school type. Regarding use of the indicative, there was a nearly significant trend (P = 0.058). CONCLUSION: Among oralized hearing-impaired children who underwent speech therapy, their performance regarding verbs and noun use was similar to that of their hearing counterparts.RESUMO CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: Substantivos e verbos indicam ações na comunicação oral. Na ocorrência de perda auditiva, a aquisição da linguagem oral pode ser comprometida a tal ponto que o uso apropriado deles pode constituir importante desafio. O objetivo deste estudo é comparar o uso de substantivos e verbos na narrativa oral de deficientes auditivos e de ouvintes. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo transversal analítico no Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. MÉTODOS: 21 crianças portadoras de deficiência auditiva neurossensorial de grau moderado a profundo bilateral e 21 crianças com audição normal (controles) pareadas por sexo, ano de escolaridade e tipo de escola. Uma prancha com figuras foi apresentada para cada criança para elicitar uma narrativa e medir o desempenho na produção de substantivos e verbos. RESULTADOS: 22 (52,4%) eram do sexo masculino. A idade média foi de 8 anos (desvio padrão, DP = 1,5). Ao comparar a média entre os grupos de meninos e meninas, não encontramos diferença significativa no uso de substantivos, porém entre os verbos, encontramos diferença significante no uso do imperativo (P = 0,041): mais frequente entre os meninos (média = 2,91). Não houve diferença significativa no uso de substantivos e verbos entre crianças surdas e ouvintes, em relação ao tipo de escola. No caso do uso do modo indicativo, houve uma tendência a diferença (P = 0,058). CONCLUSÕES: Crianças com def...

Phonological and semantic verbal fluency: a comparative study in hearing-impaired and normal-hearing people

“…The best performance in normal-hearing individuals in relation to the hearing-impaired people would be expected due to the greater difficulty of the former in acquiring and updating the lexical and the reduction in the number of auditory experiences, which is reflected in a reduced vocabulary (6) . However, considering the characteristics of the study sample, composed of hearing-impaired individuals since early adulthood, which thus secured an acquisition and development of language that is analogous to the CG, similar results in language tests can be expected when there are higher educational levels.…”

“…In the hearing-impaired people, limited opportunities to hear information deprive them of experiencing things, causing negative effects on vocabulary acquisition (6) . Thus, their language production, in general, is simple and based on what is concrete (7) .…”

Fatores biológicos e socioculturais na avaliação do vocabulário receptivo em português oral de deficientes auditivos pós-linguais

“…In this context, involving speaking, hearing has an important role. With monitoring of hearing, the equilibrium relationships between form, content and use of the words stabilize, providing the proper functioning of gnosis operations, conversions between external and internal language (3) . The language under this point is the symbolic process which allows expression of thinking, during communication, language code mediated through speech (4) .…”

Linguagem oral de adolescentes deficientes auditivos: avaliação fonoaudiológica e relato dos professores

“…The others presented a good vocabulary. Amemiya et al (2013) 28 observed that children who had hearing losses and were oralized by speech therapy got the same results as hearing children when it comes to nouns and verbs. On the other hand, other authors report that individuals with hearing loss can present a smaller vocabulary than hearing people.…”