Use of non-destructive test methods on Irish hardwood standing trees and small-diameter round timber for prediction of mechanical properties

Llana, Daniel F.; Short, Ian; Harte, Annette M.

doi:10.1007/s13595-020-00957-x

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Liang et al, studied 60 halfsib B. platyphylla families in China [84] and found heritability estimates of 0.30 and 0.37 for air-dry and oven-dry wood density, respectively. The same paper reported heritability values for flexural strength (0.37) and elastic modulus (0.15), which could be comparable to this study's AV measurements but included the influence of wood density on stiffness [37]. It is common for wood quality traits to have higher heritability estimates than size traits [85] as size traits tend to be under strong environmental influence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…These NDT tools are convenient for the measurement of genetic field trials [33] as measurements can occur at early ages, accelerating breeding cycles without felling the trees [22,34,35]. These tools also tend to be rapid and easy to use [36][37][38] compared to lab based methods allowing for larger sample size, and in some cases save time and money.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Time-of-flight (ToF) tools are common forestry field tools, which can be used to test standing tree AV [58,61]. Measurements of resonance-based AV on logs and solid timber are strongly correlated with ToF measurements [62,63], and fairly well correlated with bending strength [37]. For Eucalyptus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Parameters of Stem and Wood Traits in Full-Sib Silver Birch Families

Jones

Liziniewicz

Αδαμόπουλος

et al. 2021

Forests

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This study investigated heritability of stem and wood traits to improve Swedish silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) through breeding. Birch is 12% of Sweden’s forest area but mainly used for low value pulp or firewood. This paper applied non-destructive test (NDT) methods, and estimated traits’ heritability (h2), to help breed birch for high value solid wood products. Two trials of 22 families were assessed at age 19 for stem diameter (DBH), stem straightness, rough brown bark height (BH), grain angle (GA), Pilodyn penetration depth (Pilo) and acoustic velocity (AV). X-ray densitometry was performed on a subsample of radial cores taken at 1.3 m from the ground to get an average benchmark density. The h2 values were moderate for GA (0.20 and 0.21) and Pilo (0.53 and 0.48) at the two sites, but the h2 values for AV were low (0.05 and 0.30). There were moderate genotypic correlations between BH and DBH (0.51–0.54). There were low genotypic and phenotypic correlations between NDT measurements and other traits so including NDT in birch breeding efforts should not inadvertently reduce size, stem or wood quality. The high genetic correlations between sites suggest that GA, Pilo and AV values were determined more by genotype than by environment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Parameters of Stem and Wood Traits in Full-Sib Silver Birch Families

Jones

Liziniewicz

Αδαμόπουλος

et al. 2021

Forests

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“…In the research by Llana et al (2020), acoustic velocity was used to measure 38 standing trees and resonance velocity was recorded in green logs made from the trees. The logs were then dried and tested in bending.…”

Section: Strongmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentials of the assessment of the wood quality in standing trees by applying acoustic methods

Živanović¹,

Todorović²,

Rakonjac³

et al. 2020

Sustain Forestry

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Based on literature sources, the stress wave and ultrasound methods and tools designed for the evaluation of the effects of decay on wood are discussed in this paper. To make a review of the results obtained in numerous studies, the analytic-synthetic method was used and the evaluation of data was conducted. The results revealed high correlations between the measured properties and the actual wood quality. A number of studies show that the acoustic wave velocities correlate well to wood density and other wood properties. Changes in the acoustic velocity and wood density variations caused by decay have also been detected successfully using the ultrasonic tools. This means that wood quality can be assessed in situ and that the methods and devices in question can help us make the right decisions. Still, it must be pointed out that all the methods and devices used are only measuring and quantifying tools, and practical human experience cannot be replaced by any measuring tools.

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“…The pulling testing needs complementary tools such as a strain gauge and LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer) transducer to measure displacement due to the loading condition caused by pulling. Our study measured E of the stem of live trees, using a simple acoustic tool based on stress wave velocity as reported by [19][20][21][22]. Therefore, a study on tree stability and failure is necessary, particularly in terms of the tree morphometric and biomechanical characteristics, which have been little studied for this particular species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree Morphometric Relationships and Dynamic Elasticity Properties in Tropical Rain Tree (Samanea saman Jacq. Merr)

Karlinasari

Adzkia

Puspitasari

et al. 2021

Forests

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Rain tree (Samanea saman) is a dominant species commonly planted as a shade tree in urban landscapes in the tropics, including in Indonesia. This species is also targeted for routine inspection and monitoring within tree management systems. Management should particularly focus on tree health through assessment of tree growth conditions as well as tree stability. However, baseline information on the relationships of many key characteristics for the rain tree (e.g., growth, morphometrics, and biomechanics) is lacking. Therefore, an investigation was carried out to determine the relationship of morphometric parameters to tree growth, which included use of an acoustic tool to assess the elasticity of the tree stem. Fifty rain trees were selected for data collection and evaluated using stress wave velocity tools and visual morphometrics assessment. The results demonstrated that, in general, the trees had good vigor and stability. Statistical analysis showed a strong relationship between tree growth parameters and selected morphometric characteristics. The use of a nondestructive acoustic-based instrument enabled determining the modulus of elasticity, which provided equivalent results with the elasticity value obtained through a common method for determining tree stability. Only live crown ratio and tree slenderness parameters had a relationship with the dynamic modulus of elasticity. These results offer a means of measurement that is simpler, less expensive, and faster than current methods, although further testing is needed for different tree species and growth sites.

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Use of non-destructive test methods on Irish hardwood standing trees and small-diameter round timber for prediction of mechanical properties

Cited by 24 publications

References 45 publications

Genetic Parameters of Stem and Wood Traits in Full-Sib Silver Birch Families

Genetic Parameters of Stem and Wood Traits in Full-Sib Silver Birch Families

Potentials of the assessment of the wood quality in standing trees by applying acoustic methods

Tree Morphometric Relationships and Dynamic Elasticity Properties in Tropical Rain Tree (Samanea saman Jacq. Merr)

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