Use of Native Plants on Federal Lands: Policy and Practice

Richards, Rebecca T.; Chambers, Jeanne C.; Ross, Christopher

doi:10.2307/4003603

Cited by 133 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Replanting native plants (Richards et al 1998) also has been emphasized although the use of nonnative species will continue because of seed availability, desirable growth response to achieve short-term objectives such as soil stabilization, and economics . Nonnatives may be necessary in some closed communities to gain an advantage over cheatgrass (Robertson and Pearce 1945) after which native plants can become established (Cox and Anderson 2004).…”

Section: Status and Trends Of Sagebrush Ecosystems 7 -28mentioning

confidence: 99%

Broad-Scale Assessment of Rangeland Health, Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument, USA

Miller

2008

Rangeland Ecology & Management

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Section: Status and Trends Of Sagebrush Ecosystems 7 -28mentioning

confidence: 99%

Broad-Scale Assessment of Rangeland Health, Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument, USA

Miller

2008

Rangeland Ecology & Management

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“…Dewey] and Russian wildrye [Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.) Nevski] on federal lands, even though government policy suggests otherwise (Richards et al 1997).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Merits of native and introduced Triticeae grasses on semiarid rangelands

Asay¹,

Horton²,

Jensen³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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2001. Merits of native and introduced Triticeae grasses on semi-arid rangelands. Can. J. Plant Sci. 81: 45-52. Experiments were conducted on four semiarid range sites to compare stand establishment , productivity, and persistence of several introduced perennial Triticeae grasses with that of their native counterparts. On Intermountain sites with severe water limitations (< 300 mm), native grasses were more difficult to establish, less productive, and less persistent than the introduced grasses. Stands of native grasses declined most rapidly under defoliation. At locations where moisture conditions were more favorable, particularly where more summer precipitation occurred, native Triticeae grasses established and persisted relatively well compared with the introduced entries. Although difficult to establish, stands of the rhizoma-tous native, western wheatgrass [Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) A. Löve] increased during the seasons after establishment. Choice of plant materials to be used in range seeding programs should be based on objective criteria. To do otherwise will perpetuate degradation of soil resources, especially on sites that are dominated by weedy annual species such as cheatgrass (Bromus tecto-rum) and medusahead rye (Taeniatherum asperum). It is proposed that adapted introduced grasses be equally considered along with native grasses as a component of seed mixtures on environmentally harsh sites that have been burned, infested with competitive weedy species, or otherwise degraded.. 2001. Attributs des Triticées indigènes et introduites dans les par-cours de pâturage semi-arides. Can. J. Plant Sci. 81: 45-52. Nous avons réalisé à quatre emplacements de parcours semi-arides des expériences visant à comparer l'installation, la productivité et la longévité de plusieurs Triticées vivaces d'introduction avec les propriétés d'espèces indigènes apparentées. Dans les vallée des montagne, exposées à de graves carences en précipitations (moins de 300 mm), les espèces indigènes étaient plus difficiles à installer et aussi moins productives et moins persistantes. En outre, leurs peuplements se dégarnissaient particulièrement vite sous l'effet du broutage. En revanche, dans les situations mieux arrosées, en particulier durant les mois d'été, leur installation et leur longévité se comparaient assez favorablement à celles des espèces d'introduction. Malgré des difficultés d'installation, les peuplements d'agropyre de l'Ouest [Pascopyrum metis (Rydb.) A. Löve], espèce indigène rhizomateuse gagnaient en densité dans les années suivantes. Le choix du matériel végétal à utiliser dans les programmes de ressemis en parcours devrait donc être fondé sur des critères objectifs, faute de quoi la dégradation du sol risque de se perpétuer, surtout aux emplacements dominés par des espèces annuelles envahissantes comme le brome des toits (Bromus tectorum et Taeniatherum asperum) (élyme tête-de-méduse). Les Triticées d'introduction adaptées aux conditions de parcours devraient donc être considérées tout autant que les espèces indigène...

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“…In some cases, nonnative species have proven utility for rehabilitation due to their adaptability, high establishment rates and low-cost availability (e.g., Richards et al 1998). Indeed, respondents commonly mentioned the high cost of native plant material and the unavailability of many needed species, which has been discussed elsewhere (Török et al 2011).…”

Section: Nonnatives Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practitioner perspectives on using nonnative plants for revegetation

Gornish¹,

Brusati²,

Johnson³

2016

Calif Agr

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Restoration practitioners use both native and nonnative plant species for revegetation projects. Typically, when rehabilitating damaged working lands, more practitioners consider nonnative plants; while those working to restore habitat have focused on native plants. But this may be shifting. Novel ecosystems (non-analog communities) are commonly being discussed in academic circles, while practical factors such as affordability and availability of natives and the need for more drought tolerant species to accommodate climate change may be making nonnative species attractive to land managers. To better understand the current use of nonnatives for revegetation, we surveyed 192 California restoration stakeholders who worked in a variety of habitats. A large portion (42%) of them considered nonnatives for their projects, and of survey respondents who did not use nonnatives in vegetation rehabilitation, almost half indicated that they would consider them in the future. Across habitats, the dominant value of nonnatives for vegetation rehabilitation was found to be erosion control, and many respondents noted the high cost and unavailability of natives as important drivers of nonnative use in revegetation projects. Moreover, 37% of respondents noted they had changed their opinion or use of nonnatives in response to climate change. R evegetation is a key restoration technique to address environmental damage and increase the ecological value of degraded habitat. It involves the active re-establishment of plant communities through seeding and planting, and is undertaken usually in response to a natural disturbance, such as wildfire, or another restoration activity such as the removal of invasive plants.The design and deployment of effective revegetation requires a practitioner to set project goals, choose plant species and determine methods to reach the desired final state for a site. Species selection is important because plants can modify the physical attributes of a site, land use, community composition and invasive plant species dominance (e.g., Meli et al. 2014).Often, a fundamental requirement of a candidate plant species for revegetation is its classification as a native species. Native plants facilitate plant community trajectories toward a reference site condition, augment nutrient cycling, enhance wildlife habitat and reverse biodiversity loss (e.g., Bullock et al. 2011). In addition to the clear value of using native species to re-establish plant communities, however, there are several limitations of a natives-only requirement for revegetation projects. For example, native plant materials can be financially prohibitive (sometimes costing more than $1,000 per acre; Gornish 2015) and difficult to acquire.The high cost of plant materials is one of the leading obstacles to effective revegetation nationwide (Brodt et al. 2009;Clewell and Rieger 1997;Stanturf et al. 2001). The exclusive use of native plants

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Use of Native Plants on Federal Lands: Policy and Practice

Cited by 133 publications

References 7 publications

Broad-Scale Assessment of Rangeland Health, Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument, USA

Broad-Scale Assessment of Rangeland Health, Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument, USA

Merits of native and introduced Triticeae grasses on semiarid rangelands

Practitioner perspectives on using nonnative plants for revegetation

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