Use of Multi-diffusion Model to Study the Release of Urea from Urea Fertilizer Coated with Polyurethane-like Coating (PULC)

Trinh, Thanh H.; KuShaari, KuZilati; Basit, Abdul; Azeem, Babar; Shuib, Anis Suhaila

doi:10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.03.017

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…One group can bond with the surface group of the inorganic substance, and the other can react with the polymer molecule, forming a molecular bridge between the organic phase and the inorganic phase, which can improve the interfacial affinity . Therefore, KH550 is usually used in nanocomposite systems to modify the surface of inorganic nanoparticles and improve the properties of polymers. , However, its application in coating materials used for CRFs is rarely reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Role of a Silane-Coupling Agent in Bio-Based Polyurethane Nanocomposite-Coated Fertilizers

et al. 2021

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Bio-based polyurethane (PU)-coated controlled release fertilizers are attracting a lot of attention; however, generally they have poor properties, so it is difficult for them to meet the agricultural needs. Herein, γ-aminopropyl triethoxy silane (KH550) was first used with nanosilica (NS) to prepare bio-based PU nanocomposite-coated urea (KSPCU). The coating microstructures and nutrient controlled release behaviors of KSPCU were investigated and compared with those of unmodified NS containing PU nanocomposite-coated urea (SPCU) and bio-based PU-coated urea (PCU). The KSPCU with KH550 exhibited an excellent controlled release performance. Its nutrient release longevity exceeded 105 d, which was nearly 6 times greater than that of PCU and 2 times more than that of SPCU, and it was much longer than that of PCU reported in previous research at a coating rate of 3 wt %. A series of characterization methods combined with water resistance capacity and porosity measurements confirmed that a hydrogen bond was formed by the reaction between the nanoparticle and PM200, the nanoparticle was bonded on the macromolecular chain, and KH550 in the coating increased the cross-linking degree, which were beneficial to slowing down the nutrient release of the KSPCU. The innovative application of KH550 on bio-based PU-coated fertilizers will provide a new coating technology for improving their controlled release property.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Role of a Silane-Coupling Agent in Bio-Based Polyurethane Nanocomposite-Coated Fertilizers

et al. 2021

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“…However, all these models were developed on the assumption that nutrient release is based on simple solute diffusion [ 106 ]. Shaviv et al [ 99 ] used a mathematical model to predict the release in three different stages from a single granule by considering the measurable geometrical and chemo physical properties, such as granule radius, coating thickness, water and solute permeability, saturation concentration of fertilizer and its density.…”

Section: Predicting Nutrient Release Of Crfs With Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The finite element method (FEM) has been used to study the release of nutrients from CRFs since 2003 [ 99 ]. As urea release is a complex process, Trinh et al [ 106 ] further studied the constant release stage of urea in water by using mass transport equations in a porous medium (4). The flux of urea from the interface to the liquid was assumed to be controlled by the diffusion of urea in liquid as the pellet is motionless, which simplifies the equation to (5):

where

is effective diffusivity (cm 2 s −1 ) and

represents porosity, C is the concentration (g cm −3 ), r is the radius of coated urea (cm) and t is time (day).…”

Section: Predicting Nutrient Release Of Crfs With Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Release Fertilizers: A Review on Coating Materials and Mechanism of Release

Lawrencia

Wong

Low

et al. 2021

Plants

215

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Rising world population is expected to increase the demand for nitrogen fertilizers to improve crop yield and ensure food security. With existing challenges on low nutrient use efficiency (NUE) of urea and its environmental concerns, controlled release fertilizers (CRFs) have become a potential solution by formulating them to synchronize nutrient release according to the requirement of plants. However, the most significant challenge that persists is the “tailing” effect, which reduces the economic benefits in terms of maximum fertilizer utilization. High materials cost is also a significant obstacle restraining the widespread application of CRF in agriculture. The first part of this review covers issues related to the application of conventional fertilizer and CRFs in general. In the subsequent sections, different raw materials utilized to form CRFs, focusing on inorganic and organic materials and synthetic and natural polymers alongside their physical and chemical preparation methods, are compared. Important factors affecting rate of release, mechanism of release and mathematical modelling approaches to predict nutrient release are also discussed. This review aims to provide a better overview of the developments regarding CRFs in the past ten years, and trends are identified and analyzed to provide an insight for future works in the field of agriculture.

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“…Lu et al [ 27 ] developed an explicit mathematical analysis of release from coated particle using multi-diffusion phenomenon. Trinh et al [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ] used the multi-diffusion model by employing the finite element method to investigate the nutrient release in the decay period (extended release stage). They also studied the effect of imperfect coating on nutrient release in both soil and water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reaction-Multi Diffusion Model for Nutrient Release and Autocatalytic Degradation of PLA-Coated Controlled-Release Fertilizer

et al. 2017

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A mathematical model for the reaction-diffusion equation is developed to describe the nutrient release profiles and degradation of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-coated controlled-release fertilizer.A multi-diffusion model that consists of coupled partial differential equations is used to study the diffusion and chemical reaction (autocatalytic degradation) simultaneously. The model is solved using an analytical-numerical method. Firstly, the model equation is transformed using the Laplace transformation as the Laplace transform cannot be inverted analytically. Numerical inversion of the Laplace transform is used by employing the Zakian method. The solution is useful in predicting the nutrient release profiles at various diffusivity, concentration of extraction medium, and reaction rates. It also helps in explaining the transformation of autocatalytic concentration in the coating material for various reaction rates, times of reaction, and reaction-multi diffusion. The solution is also applicable to the other biodegradable polymer-coated controlled-release fertilizers.

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Use of Multi-diffusion Model to Study the Release of Urea from Urea Fertilizer Coated with Polyurethane-like Coating (PULC)

Cited by 18 publications

References 5 publications

Understanding the Role of a Silane-Coupling Agent in Bio-Based Polyurethane Nanocomposite-Coated Fertilizers

Understanding the Role of a Silane-Coupling Agent in Bio-Based Polyurethane Nanocomposite-Coated Fertilizers

Controlled Release Fertilizers: A Review on Coating Materials and Mechanism of Release

Reaction-Multi Diffusion Model for Nutrient Release and Autocatalytic Degradation of PLA-Coated Controlled-Release Fertilizer

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