Use of Monoclonal Antibody Panel to Identify Malignant Cells in Cerebrospinal Fluid

Coakham, Hugh B.; Brownell, Betty; Harper, Ei; Garson, Jeremy A.; Allan, Patricia; Lane, E. Birgitte; Kemshead, J. T.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(84)92508-x

Cited by 70 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…They lack importance in paediatrics and a large panel of antibodies to malignant cells is needed if classification of tumour cells is to be of practical value [18].…”

Section: Brain Tumours and Metastasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malignancy markers in the cerebrospinal fluid

Koskiniemi

1988

Eur J Pediatr

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The specificity and sensitivity of malignancy marker determinations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are often insufficient. Even at the subclinical stage of the disease the marker should be present. The effect of therapy should be monitored and relapses noted. Thus high standards of methodology are required. There are many substances that may indicate a malignant process in the central nervous system. However, there are many pitfalls in their determination. Malignant cells may occur in CSF via processes involving leptomeningeal structures such as metastases and leukaemia, but primary brain tumours seldom show cells in CSF. Human chorionic gonadotrophin and alpha-fetoprotein determinations assist in the early detection of cerebral germ cell tumours and of relapses, even in the subclinical stage. Desmosterol may aid in the diagnosis of medulloblastomas and malignant gliomas and in monitoring therapy. Putrescine levels are elevated in CSF of patients with medulloblastoma and correlate with the clinical state, and serial analyses may reveal relapses. Fibronectin, when determined in CSF at the time of diagnosis, appears to be of great significance for the prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Ferritin and beta-2-microglobulin may help in some well-defined conditions. Brain-specific proteins and antibodies to them are non-specific markers whereas tumour-specific antigens and growth factors may be more significant.

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“…They lack importance in paediatrics and a large panel of antibodies to malignant cells is needed if classification of tumour cells is to be of practical value [18].…”

Section: Brain Tumours and Metastasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malignancy markers in the cerebrospinal fluid

Koskiniemi

1988

Eur J Pediatr

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“…The use o f monoclonal antibodies to stain C S F sedi ments (immunocytochemistry methods) offers improved sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis o f L C [24][25][26], C S F markers (substances released by neoplasms) may also be helpful in L C detection. Carcinoembrionic antigen possesses a low sensitivity but a high specificity in estab lishing the diagnosis o f L C from solid tumors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis: A Report of 3 Cases and Review of the Literature

Gasecki¹,

Bashir²,

Foley

1992

Eur Neurol

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Once thought to be rare, leptomeningeal carcinomatosis from systemic cancer is becoming more common as cancer patients are living longer. Lung, breast and malignant melanoma comprise the majority of solid tumor cases with this condition. The hallmark of the disease and the differential diagnosis are discussed. Only the identification of malignant cells in the cerebrospinal fluid provides as clear-cut diagnosis. Biochemical markers, thus far, cannot substitute for a positive cytology, but may aid in the diagnosis. We report and discuss 3 cases of complete biochemical and radiological assessment and variable degree of aggressiveness of treatment. Better control of the systemic cancer may result in prolongation of life.

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“…Certain of the tumour-cell antigens remain detectable for several days after obtaining the specimen, long after cytological appearances have deteriorated. This is of practical importance since one of the difficulties which the cytologist encounters is the early deterioration of morphology (Coakham et al 1984a). …”

Section: Metastatic Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%