Use of molecular parameters and trace elements in oil-oil correlation studies, Barinas sub-basin, Venezuela

Origins of formation waters in the Llanos foreland basin of Colombia: geochemical variation and fluid flow history

“…To the north, the basin continues into Venezuela, where it is known as the Barinas subbasin (Lopez et al . ). With a production of approximately 690 000 BOPD, the LBC represents about 70% of the Colombian national production of crude oil and is the focus of high expectations in exploration, especially for heavy oil.…”

“…The Llanos Foreland Basin of Colombia (LBC) is a flat area of about 200 000 km², bounded to the west by the high relief of the Eastern Cordillera, to the south by the Putumayo foreland basin, which is itself bordered by the Macarena Range (which exposes Paleozoic, Cretaceous, and Tertiary fms) and the Vaupes Basement Arch, and to the east by the Precambrian Guyana Shield. To the north, the basin continues into Venezuela, where it is known as the Barinas subbasin (Lopez et al 1998). With a production of approximately 690 000 BOPD, the LBC represents about 70% of the Colombian national production of crude oil and is the focus of high expectations in exploration, especially for heavy oil.…”

Evaluating rare earth elements as a proxy for oil–source correlation. A case study from Aer Sag, Erlian Basin, northern China

“…Although these alterations might change the concentration of trace elements in crude oils, some elemental ratios remain constant in many instances, such as the V/Ni ratio (Al-Shahristani and Al-Atyia, 1972;Lewan, 1984;Tissot and Welte, 1984;López et al, 1995). Numerous studies (Hodgson and Baker, 1959;Al-Shahristani and Al-Atyia, 1972;Lewan and Maynard, 1982;Lewan, 1984;Hitchon and Filby, 1984;Ellrich et al, 1985;Hirner, 1987;Curiale, 1987;Barwise, 1990;Oluwole et al, 1993;Filby, 1994;Frankenberger, 1994;López et al, 1995López et al, , 1998Akinlua et al, 2007Akinlua et al, , 2015Finlay et al, 2012) have indicated that the concentration and distribution of trace elements in crude oils provide not only vital information for the origin and maturation of petroleum as well as depositional environment of its source rocks, but also a potential tool for oil-oil and/or oil-source correlation. For a long time, due to discovery of organometallic carriers (porphyrin complexes) and relatively high abundance of V and Ni in crude oil (Lewan and Maynard, 1982;Tissot and Welte, 1984;Barwise, 1990;Filby, 1994), V and Ni in crude oil have received more attention than other trace elements and have been used widely in petroleum exploration.…”

Study on the geochemical correlation of crude oils of Palaeocene and Jurassic ages from the Potowar Indus Basin in northern Pakistan

“…Defining and evaluating exploration is helpful to characterize the hydrocarbon source rocks, their range of thermal maturities and types of products generated. Information on post-emplacement alteration and how it affects oil quality is also helpful in assessing various plays (Lopez et al, 1998). In Pakistan, a small number of studies have been carried out on the Indus Basin (Fazeelat et al, 1994(Fazeelat et al, , 1995(Fazeelat et al, , 1999Robison et al, 1999, Lakhdar et al, 2002aSylvian et al, 2002;Ahmed et al, 2003;Wasim, 2004;Wandrey et al, 2004).…”

“…The objective of this geochemical study is to understand the type and quality of crude oils, their correlation, degree of thermal maturity, organic matter source, depositional environment and subsequent alteration. Detailed geochemical analysis of the crude oils also helps to understand the characteristics of the source rock and reservoir rocks from which these oils were generated and preserved, i.e., paleoenvironmental conditions and lithology of the source rocks and reservoir rocks (Lopez et al, 1998).…”