Use of marble and iron waste additives for enhancing arsenic and E. coli contaminant removal capacity and strength of porous clay ceramic materials for point of use drinking water treatment

Abstract

This paper elaborates manufacture and performance analysis of new clay ceramic (CC) water filtration materials. The CC is manufactured from clay and sawdust mix. Waste marble powder and machined iron fines are used as additives to the mix for manufacturing the new modified materials. An equal volume of clay and sawdust were used to manufacture the control CC. Another ceramic, marble clay ceramic (MCC), was manufactured with distinct volume fractions of clay, sawdust, and marble (40:40:10). Third ceramic, ferrous clay ceramic (FCC), was manufactured from an equal volume of clay and sawdust and five percent by volume of iron fines. FCC showcased better arsenic (As (V)) contaminant removal from water at acidic pH while MCC showcased best As (V) removal at around pH of 8. Average flexural strength of MCC was comparatively better than FCC and CC. The modified materials showcased similar percolation rates at par with control CC. MCC showcased comparatively better E. coli removal capabilities than FCC and CC. Only limited volumetric addition of marble powder and iron fines were found to positively affect compressive strength. The results demonstrate new low-cost ways of modifying strength and specific water treatment characteristics of CC using waste materials from local marble-processing and iron-machining industries.

Remediation potential of mining, agro-industrial, and urban wastes against acid mine drainage

“…However, other studies that also explore As retention capacity of water filters with iron oxide-rich materials reached rates of 90% 67 and 99% 68 . The latter study concerned not only filters made from iron-rich waste, but also marble slurry filters for which As removal rate is 95% 68 . Furthermore, the success of these materials is not limited to As; for example, along with near 100% As retention in groundwater affected by an abandoned gold mine when treated with various mixtures composed of organic carbon, zero-valent iron and limestone, a strong decrease in the concentration of Al, Cd, Co, Cu and Ni has been demonstrated 69 ; although the concentrations of these elements in the groundwaters are much lower than in our study.…”

Clean drinking water solution for rural India: Portable sip-up

“…Sawdust was procured from a timber mart named Rajasthan Timbers in Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. Using a unit squared millimeter sieve (ASTM 18 mesh size), the salty clay and sawdust were sieved [13]. The marble slurry was provided by a local vendor from Jodhpur.…”

“…The used marble slurry is primarily composed of CaCO3, which acts as an activation zone [17]. These zones adsorb the contaminants present in the influent [13]. Also, larger impurities that do not get adsorbed get blocked in the pores due to their size.…”

Application of neural network in metal adsorption using biomaterials (BMs): a review

“…2 The literature has proposed physicochemical technologies like reverse osmosis, ion exchange, electrodialysis and adsorption to eliminate metallic ions from water resources and industrial effluents. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Among these technologies, adsorption is the best-suited method for treating water and wastewater due to its high efficiency with low economics. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] The selection and fabrication of sustainable adsorbents for the eradication of water pollutants include the following criteria: (1) it should be inexpensive and (2) simple to synthesize in large quantities, (3) it should demonstrate high adsorption capacity and most importantly, (4) it should cause no harm to the environment.…”