“…There are two ways to analyze the acquired data, either through the NCES online tools or to use SPSS. The NSOPF data have been used in several studies (Toutkoushian and Conley, 2005;Finkelstein et al, 2013;Webber and Tschepikow, 2013;Schimpf, and Main, 2014;Kezar and Maxey, 2014;Webber, 2012;Faircloth et al, 2015;Milkman et al, 2015;Warshaw et al, 2017;Conley and Leslie, 2002;Zhou and Volkwein, 2004;Mamiseishvili and Miller, 2010;Antony and Hayden, 2011;Akroyd et al, 2011); hence, this instrument has high validity and reliability and therefore the researcher did not conduct a pilot test to determine the validity and reliability of the National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF:04) survey.…”