Use of joint fluid analysis for determining cartilage damage in osteonecrosis of the knee

Saito, T.; Takeuchi, Ryouhei; Mitsuhashi, Shigeyuki; Uesugi, Masaaki; Yoshida, Takuji; Koshino, Tomihisa

doi:10.1002/art.10367

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…For example, although the average molecular weight of hyaluronan in synovial fluid from normal joints varied from 2.75 to 10.9 MDa, compared with 1.8 to 2.1 MDa in synovial fluid from patients with OA [8,[22][23][24][25] , each study reported results from patients with or without OA, but the 2 groups were not directly compared in the same study. Similarly, although the average concentration of hyaluronan in synovial fluid (weighted by number of patients) was 1.7 mg/ml in patients with OA [8,23,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32] , and 2.5 mg/ml in the controls, the variance in the data was too great to permit accepting the difference as statistically valid. Still worse, almost none of the studies considered the possible confounding effects of the age of the subject.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis: Evidence against the Viscoelastic Theory

Dunn

Kolomytkin²,

Marino³

2009

Pathobiology

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Objectives: Whether changes in the hyaluronan moiety of synovial fluid are associated with osteoarthritis (OA) is unresolved experimentally, notwithstanding frequent statements in the literature that the disease leads to degraded hyaluronan. We evaluated this hypothesis by comparing the molecular weight and concentration of hyaluronan in synovial fluid from patients with and without OA. Methods: Synovial fluid was obtained by needle aspiration from patients with advanced OA (Kellgren-Lawrence Grade IV) and from patients with no radiological or arthroscopic evidence of OA. The distribution of the molecular weight of hyaluronan was measured using both gel electrophoresis and size-exclusion chromatography, and hyaluronan concentration was determined by immunosorbent assay and differential refractometry. Results: The distributions of molecular weight were highly variable within each group of patients; the average distributions, however, were identical in the 2 groups. The average concentration of hyaluronan also did not differ statistically between the 2 groups. Conclusions: We found no evidence of hyaluronan degradation in synovial fluid of patients with OA. Commonly expressed opinion in the literature to the contrary may have resulted from a failure to adequately consider the limitations of previous experimental studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis: Evidence against the Viscoelastic Theory

Dunn

Kolomytkin²,

Marino³

2009

Pathobiology

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“…Since CS stabilizes fibrous and cellular elements of the connective tissue and at the same time lubricates and protects the membranes in joints, [4][5][6][7] CS has become increasingly popular as an ingredient in health foods for the symptomatic treatment of osteoarthritis. However, CS is poorly absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract because of its high molecular weight (MW) (5-50 kDa) and highly negative surface charge.…”

Section: 3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly-ion Complex of Chondroitin Sulfate and Spermine and Its Effect on Oral Chondroitin Sulfate Bioavailability

Higashi

Ito

Kenichi

et al. 2016

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

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Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has been accepted as an ingredient in health foods for the treatment of symptoms related to arthritis and cartilage repair. However, CS is poorly absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract because of its high negative electric charges and molecular weight (MW). In this study, poly-ion complex (PIC) formation was found in aqueous solutions through electrostatic interaction between CS and polyamines-organic molecules having two or more primary amino groups ubiquitously distributed in natural products at high concentrations. Characteristic properties of various PICs generated by mixing CS and natural polyamines, including unusual polyamines, were studied based on the turbidity for PIC formation, the dynamic light scattering for the size of PIC particles, and ζ-potential measurements for the surface charges of PIC particles. The efficiency of PIC formation between CS and spermine increased in a CS MW-dependent manner, with 15 kDa CS being critical for the formation of PIC (particle size: 3.41 µm) having nearly neutral surface charge (ζ-potential: 0.80 mV). Comparatively, mixing tetrakis(3-aminopropyl)ammonium and 15 kDa of CS afforded significant levels of PIC (particle size: 0.42 0.16 µm) despite a strongly negative surface charge ( 34.67 1.15 mV). Interestingly, the oral absorption efficiency of CS was greatly improved only when PIC possessing neutral surface charges was administered to mice. High formation efficiency and electrically neutral surface charge of PIC particles are important factors for oral CS bioavailability.

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“…CS in particular stabilizes fibrous and cellular elements of the connective tissue and at the same time lubricates and protects the membranes in joints. [4][5][6][7] Because of this, CS has become increasingly popular as an ingredient in "health foods", and has been unlawfully advertised as effective in the treatment of symptoms related to arthritis and cartilage repair, though several proprietary drugs approved in Japan contain CS as an effective constituent.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the Origin of Chondroitin Sulfate in "Health Foods"

Sakai

Otake

Toida

et al. 2007

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

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Twelve "health foods" products containing chondroitin sulfate (CS) were purchased from the Japanese market and the origin of the CS was investigated by conducting disaccharide compositional analysis after enzymatic depolymerization and by 1 H-NMR spectroscopy. Nine of the 12 products had labels indicating that the origin of the CS was shark cartilage. However, two of them were found to contain mammalian CS. Next, we compared the ratio of the sulfate group to the galactosamine residue after the acid hydrolysis of CS. The results suggest that all of the CS from sharks had a ratio of more than 1.0, while the CS from mammals had a ratio of less than 1.0. Since this comparative analysis does not require expensive purified enzyme, it would be an economical way to identify the origin of CS in "health foods." Being able to determine the origin of the ingredients in natural products is very important for ensuring their quality, safety, and efficacy. Therefore, we think that regulatory requirements for accurately indicating the origin of "health foods" and effective enforcement of these requirements are needed.

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Use of joint fluid analysis for determining cartilage damage in osteonecrosis of the knee

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis: Evidence against the Viscoelastic Theory

Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis: Evidence against the Viscoelastic Theory

Poly-ion Complex of Chondroitin Sulfate and Spermine and Its Effect on Oral Chondroitin Sulfate Bioavailability

Identification of the Origin of Chondroitin Sulfate in "Health Foods"

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