Use of job-exposure matrices to estimate occupational exposure to pesticides: A review

Carles, Camille; Bouvier, Ghislaine; Lebailly, Pierre; Baldi, Isabelle

doi:10.1038/jes.2016.25

Cited by 34 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 123 publications

(387 reference statements)

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“…The decline in the use of job title as an EAM might be associated with reduced exposure misclassification. Assessments by job title may introduce bias as, for example, not all farmers apply pesticides, and work tasks may vary during a working life 2 35. Yet a large percentage of documented EAM comprised self-reported exposures, to a high degree applied in studies on self-reported outcomes and cancer, which, particularly in case-control settings, might indicate a large potential of differential misclassification and responder bias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Occupational exposure to pesticides has been associated with several health outcomes including cancer,1 2 neurological diseases,3 4 mental disorders,2 rheumatoid arthritis,5 respiratory diseases,6–8 various genetic biomarkers9 10 and reproductive and developmental disorders 3 11. Occupationally exposed populations comprise for example, agricultural workers, gardeners, flower growers, forestry workers and hygiene and pest control workers 12.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Direct methods rely on direct measurements by any type of biomonitoring, primarily through sampling of biomarkers or metabolites in blood, urine or skin in the target population,14 or by personal sampling of the workers’ breathing zone (inhalation exposure assessment) or skin (dermal exposure assessment). However, direct measurements of the exposure are generally feasible only in prospective cohort and cross-sectional studies 2 20. Consequently, indirect methods for pesticide exposure assessment have been developed and applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic review of methods used to assess exposure to pesticides in occupational epidemiology studies, 1993–2017

et al. 2020

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ObjectiveNumerous exposure assessment methods (EAM) exist for investigating health effects of occupational exposure to pesticides. Direct (eg, biomonitoring) and indirect methods (eg, self-reported exposures) are however associated with degrees of exposure misclassification. We systematically reviewed EAM in studies of occupational pesticide exposure.MethodsWe searched for articles reporting observational epidemiological studies in MEDLINE and Embase published 1993 to 2017. The relative frequency of EAM was analysed according to EAM type (direct and indirect methods), health outcome, study design, study location (country) and specificity of assessment. Temporal trends in EAM were analysed.ResultsIn 1298 included articles 1521 EAM occurrences were documented. Indirect EAM (78.3%), primarily self-reported exposures (39.3%) and job titles assessments (9.5%), were mainly applied in case-control studies (95.0%), in high-income countries (85.0%) and in studies of doctor-diagnosed health outcomes (>85%). Direct EAM (20.8%), primarily biomonitoring of blood (15.6%) or urine (4.7%), were predominantly applied in cross-sectional studies (29.8%), in lower middle-income countries (40.9%) and in studies of neurological (50.0%) outcomes. Between 1993 to 2017 no distinct time trends regarding the ratio indirect to direct methods was seen. Within the category of indirect methods use of self-reported exposures and job exposure matrices increased while assessments by job titles and registers decreased. The use of algorithms showed no trend. The specificity of pesticide assessment increased since studies assessing exposure by using job title as a proxy declined. Assessments of type of pesticide increased.ConclusionOver the last 25 years, the ratio (5:1) of indirect to direct EAM applied in articles on occupational pesticide epidemiology stayed relatively constant; changes were mainly attributable to increasing use of self-reported exposures and job exposure matrices. This review, combined with studies assessing EAM validity, will inform on magnitudes of exposure misclassification and help improve the quality of studies on occupational pesticides exposure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic review of methods used to assess exposure to pesticides in occupational epidemiology studies, 1993–2017

et al. 2020

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“…A systematic review (47) summarised various models of JEMs that have been developed over time to assess pesticide exposure. The authors differentiated between JEMs studied specifically for agricultural cohorts, and others that have been produced to assess exposure in the general population.…”

Section: Use Of Job-exposure Matrices and Quantitative Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The comparison between different JEMs (47) led the authors to the conclusion that these tools can be particularly useful to pesticide toxicology, particularly towards the study of the impact of these toxicants in the development of chronic diseases. Even if the results obtained with the use of JEMs look promising, the literature lacks comparisons between these results and those obtained with other exposure assessment methods.…”

Section: Use Of Job-exposure Matrices and Quantitative Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational exposure to pesticides as a possible risk factor for the development of chronic diseases in humans

Gangemi

Miozzi

Teodoro

et al. 2016

Molecular Medicine Reports

138

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It is well known that pesticides are widely used compounds. In fact, their use in agriculture, forestry, fishery and the food industry has granted a huge improvement in terms of productive efficiency. However, a great number of epidemiological surveys have demonstrated that these toxic compounds can interact and exert negative effects not only with their targets (pests, herbs and fungi), but also with the rest of the environment, including humans. This is particularly relevant in the case of workers involved in the production, transportation, preparation and application of these toxicants. Accordingly, a growing body of evidence has demonstrated the correlation between occupational exposure to pesticides and the development of a wide spectrum of pathologies, ranging from eczema to neurological diseases and cancer. Pesticide exposure is often quite difficult to establish, as many currently used modules do not take into account all of the many variables that can occur in a diverse environment, such as the agricultural sector, and the assessment of the real risk for every single worker is problematic. Indeed, the use of personal protection equipment is necessary while handling these toxic compounds, but education of workers can be even more important: personal contamination with pesticides may occur even in apparently harmless situations. This review summarises the most recent findings describing the association between pesticide occupational exposure and the development of chronic diseases.

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Association of Occupational Pesticide Exposure With Immunochemotherapy Response and Survival Among Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

et al. 2019

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Use of job-exposure matrices to estimate occupational exposure to pesticides: A review

Cited by 34 publications

References 123 publications

Systematic review of methods used to assess exposure to pesticides in occupational epidemiology studies, 1993–2017

Systematic review of methods used to assess exposure to pesticides in occupational epidemiology studies, 1993–2017

Occupational exposure to pesticides as a possible risk factor for the development of chronic diseases in humans

Association of Occupational Pesticide Exposure With Immunochemotherapy Response and Survival Among Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

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