Use of iron mine tailing as fillers to polyethylene

Coura, Ítalo R.; Carmignano, Ottávio; Heitmann, Ana P.; Lameiras, Fernando Soares; Lago, Rochel M.; Patrício, Pedro

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-86456-z

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In this case, largescale harmless utilization of IOTs has attracted much attention. Currently, IOTs are mainly used for IOTs recleaning (Wang et al, 2018;Zhai et al, 2020) and mine filling (Onitiri and Akinlabi, 2017;Qiu et al, 2017;Coura et al, 2021), or used as the building material (Menders et al, 2019;Li et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2022) and soil conditioner (Santana et al, 2020;Castro e Silva et al, 2021;Cui et al, 2021). IOTs are rich in SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 whose chemical composition is similar to that of cement (Han et al, 2017) and the physical properties are similar to those of natural sands (Huang et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic characteristics and environmental impact of iron ore tailings

Wang

Jing

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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Introduction: In our study, various test methods were adopted to explore the mineralogical characteristics, grindability, particle morphology, particle size distribution, and environmental leaching toxicity of iron ore tailings (lOTs).Methods: The methods include petrographic analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), synchronous thermal analyzer (DSC-TGA), electron probe X-ray microanalyser (EPMA), and synthetic precipitation leaching Procedure (SPLP).Results: The results show that the used IOTs contained 14.54% iron which was mainly stored in magnetite and pyrite. The content of iron silicate accounted for 11.82% of the total iron content. Most of it existed in silicate minerals, including grunerite and hornblende. A small amount of iron was contained in biotite, chlorite and augite. Besides, the grindability of lOTs was much better than that of granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS). After grinding for 140 min, the mass fraction of lOTs particles with the particle size less than 5 um was 44.19%. These particles could be used to fill in the voids in the cement-powder-packed structure. lOTs also contained a large number of submicron and nanoscale particles.Discussion: With great strength and environmental friendliness, the composite cementitious material (CCM) prepared from lOTs can be well applied to the building material field and environmental remediation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic characteristics and environmental impact of iron ore tailings

Wang

Jing

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…Among the distinguishing characteristics promoting the use of HDPE are cheap cost, an easy processing procedure, and a higher level of ductility [9]. Polypropylene (PP), High-density polyethylene (HDPE) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) are examples of some commodity polymers that are often used in packing films, mulching films and other similar applications [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Moreover, HDPE is a commodity plastic that is extremely valuable because to its strong chemical resistance with the inert C-C and C-H bonds, good electrical insulation, environmental resilience, and ease of moulding properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of polybenzimidazole nanoparticle on the thermo-mechanical characteristics of high density polyethylene composite

Panneerselvam

Ramesh

2022

Phys. Scr.

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This present research focuses on the mechanical, thermal, flammability and thermo-mechanical behavior of varying percentages of high performance polymer polybenzimidazole (PBI) nanoparticle reinforced high density polyethylene (HDPE) composite. The principal aim of this present study was to investigate how the addition of polybenzimidazole nanoparticle influences the mechanical, thermal, flammability and thermo-mechanical behavior of high density polyethylene thermoplastic composite. The composites of polyethylene and polybenzimidazole were prepared by a melt intercalation process with different weight proportions as 1, 3 and 5 wt. % using a twin-screw extruder. The prepared composites were characterized for their properties in-accordance to ASTM standards. The mechanical properties revealed significant improvements for PBI addition. The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) fractograph revealed moderate waviness and improved toughness. Similarly, the results of Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) showed an increase in Tg and mass loss stability for 5wt.% of PBI. The Flammability and Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) results showed an increased flame resistance, damping and loss modulus for high concentration of PBI nanoparticle. These mechanically, thermally and thermo-mechanically toughened HDPE thermoplastic composites could be used in engineering, space, wearable material and defence applications where high toughness, high thermal stability structural materials are required.

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“…Martinez‐Lopez et al 16 added waste polymer particles obtained from polyethylene terephthalate bottles, polycarbonate, or tire rubber particles to unsaturated polyester resin in order to produce polymer mortars. Besides, Coura et al 17 prepared high‐density polyethylene composites using iron mine tailing as fillers. The authors showed that this waste‐based filler improve the mechanical properties and the thermal stability of HDPE but it also acts as flame‐retardant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties and interfacial interactions in oleyl titanate‐treatedblast furnace slag/polypropylene composites

Akkoyun

2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, the effect of oleyl titanate coupling agent (oTi) treatment of blast furnace slag (BFS) on the thermal and mechanical properties and especially on the interfacial interactions in BFS filled polypropylene (PP) composites was investigated. The crystallinity of the composites decreases with increasing oTitreated BFS loading. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results show an effective surface modification of BFS particles. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy measurements and scanning electron microscopy confirm good interfacial interactions between oTi-treated BFS and PP matrix. Elongation at break and elastic modulus are significantly increased up to 70% and 22%, respectively. These results are emphasized by a half-debonding angle of 37.61 which indicates strong interfacial adhesion between oTi-treated BFS particles and PP matrix. These results clearly show that oTi treatment significantly improves the compatibility between BFS particles and PP matrix. These results will encourage the recycling of BFS and reducing the cost of PP composites used in many industries.blast furnace slag, interfacial properties, mechanical properties, oleyl titanate coupling agent, polypropylene composites | INTRODUCTIONAn effective route to improve the properties of polymers is the addition of fillers or nanofillers. Polymer composites are composed of a polymer matrix and a reinforcement. Due to their processing ease compared with thermosets, thermoplastic polymer matrices are desired materials for the preparation of polymer matrix composites. Among commodity polymers, polypropylene (PP) is particularly interesting due to its properties. This thermoplastic polymer presents high temperature resistance, good mechanical properties but also good chemical resistance and flame resistance. 1,2 Reinforcements can be in the form of fibers or particulates. The addition of fillers or nanofillers to make composites is widely used and various combinations of polymer matrix/inorganic fillers exist in literature. The use of inorganic fillers such as clay minerals (montmorillonite or sepiolite clay) 3-6 or hydroxyapatite 7 is quite common. Moreover, many studies that are focused on the use of inorganic nanoparticles such as silica, 8,9 zinc oxide, 10,11 copper oxide, 2,12 or titanium dioxide 13,14 also exist in the literature.This study is focused on polypropylene composites filled with a waste product, blast furnace slag. The interfacial interactions between the matrix and the filler are improved using an oleyl-titanate coupling agent. Good interfacial interactions are emphasized by a half-debonding angle of 37.61 . Elongation at break and elastic modulus are significantly increased up to 70% and 22%, respectively.

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Use of iron mine tailing as fillers to polyethylene

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Basic characteristics and environmental impact of iron ore tailings

Basic characteristics and environmental impact of iron ore tailings

Influence of polybenzimidazole nanoparticle on the thermo-mechanical characteristics of high density polyethylene composite

Mechanical properties and interfacial interactions in oleyl titanate‐treatedblast furnace slag/polypropylene composites

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