Use of intracellular amino acid analysis as an indicator of the physiological status of natural dinoflagellate populations

Jones, Ken; Raine, Robin; Richard, J.; Flynn, KJ

doi:10.3354/meps104175

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…NH 1 4 affects NO 2 3 metabolism by down-regulation of transport of NO 2 3 across the cell membrane and repression of NR abundance and activity (Vergera et al 1998). In most algae, the regulation is via the size of the Gln pool (e.g., Flynn et al 1994), although in cyanobacteria and some other taxa, the metabolite 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG) also serves this regulatory function (Muro-Pastor et al 2001Post et al 2012). The availability of Gln and the Gln/Glu ratio govern the NO 2 3 reducing capacity in the cell; when Gln levels are low, and when NO 2 3 is available, NR is up-regulated.…”

Section: Glibert Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The availability of Gln and the Gln/Glu ratio govern the NO 2 3 reducing capacity in the cell; when Gln levels are low, and when NO 2 3 is available, NR is up-regulated. Alternatively, when Gln levels are high, NR activity levels are "throttled" back (Flynn et al 1994;Campbell 1999). In essence, cells generally do not de-repress (express) an ability to transport NO 2 3 unless their internal N status is sufficiently low.…”

Section: Glibert Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In essence, cells generally do not de-repress (express) an ability to transport NO 2 3 unless their internal N status is sufficiently low. As the supply of NH 1 4 becomes insufficient to maintain a high internal N-status, indicated by a decline in internal Gln: Glu ratios (Flynn et al 1989(Flynn et al , 1994, then the ability to transport and use NO 2 3 is up-regulated. AMTs in some species are upregulated by the depletion of NO 2 3 , but the inverse relationship does not appear to be the case; that is they are not down-regulated by the prevalence of NO 2 3 (e.g., Hockin et al 2012).…”

Section: Glibert Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pluses and minuses of ammonium and nitrate uptake and assimilation by phytoplankton and implications for productivity and community composition, with emphasis on nitrogen-enriched conditions

et al. 2015

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Anthropogenic activities are altering total nutrient loads to many estuaries and freshwaters, resulting in high loads not only of total nitrogen (N), but in some cases, of chemically reduced forms, notably NH 4 that promote vs. repress NO -3 uptake, assimilation, and growth in different phytoplankton groups and under different growth conditions are not well understood. Here, we review N metabolism first in a "generic" eukaryotic cell, and the contrasting metabolic pathways and regulation of NH 1 4 and NO 2 3 when these substrates are provided individually under equivalent growth conditions. Then the metabolic interactions of these substrates are described when both are provided together, emphasizing the cellular challenge of balancing nutrient acquisition with photosynthetic energy balance in dynamic environments. Conditions under which dissipatory pathways such as dissimilatory NO 2 3 / NO 2 2 reduction to NH 1 4 and photorespiration that may lead to growth suppression are highlighted. While more is known about diatoms, taxon-specific differences in NH 1 4 and NO 2 3 metabolism that may contribute to changes in phytoplankton community composition when the composition of the N pool changes are presented. These relationships have important implications for harmful algal blooms, development of nutrient criteria for management, and modeling of nutrient uptake by phytoplankton, particularly in conditions where eutrophication is increasing and the redox state of N loads is changing.

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Section: Glibert Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Glibert Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Glibert Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pluses and minuses of ammonium and nitrate uptake and assimilation by phytoplankton and implications for productivity and community composition, with emphasis on nitrogen-enriched conditions

et al. 2015

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“…Different studies have shown that the widely accepted conversion of Chl a concentration (measured either in vitro or in vivo) to phytoplankton biomass is not correct or, at least, controversial (12,21). Moreover, changes in the fluorescence yield of Chl a per cell must be interpreted with caution when used as an indicator of algal nutrient status in aquatic habitats (22,23). This is especially true when algal cells receive excessive sunlight, a situation that may occur on a daily or seasonal basis (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of the Effect of Nonphotochemical Quenching on the Determination of In Vivo Chl a from Phytoplankton Along the Water Column of a Freshwater Reservoir

Serra

Borrego

Quintana

et al. 2009

Photochem & Photobiology

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Nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) is a well-known collection of different photoprotective mechanisms of plants and algae to avoid photodamage under an excess of light energy. In order to evaluate the overall effect of NPQ processes on the fluorometric determination of in vivo Chl a from a phytoplankton community dominated by diatoms, we compared the results obtained by two different fluorometric field devices with the total concentration of extracted Chl a measured by HPLC (in vitro Chl a). A different set of measurements were made to assess the performance of these fluorometers at high, moderate and low irradiance conditions. The Fbbe fluorometer, which is capable of distinguishing different algal groups according to their pigment content, allowed a better determination of in vivo Chl a under high irradiance conditions, with only a 10% mean difference from the in vitro Chl a concentration. In turn, the FMII fluorometer underestimated by as much as 50% the in vitro Chl a concentration under the same light conditions. As data from both fluorometers were in accordance with the in vitro Chl a values at moderate irradiance levels, the differences observed at high irradiances were attributed to the decrease in the yield of Chl a fluorescence caused by photoprotective NPQ processes. Accordingly, we estimated the effect of NPQ processes on the in vivo Chl a determination and the results allow us to provide an equation to correct this effect when in situ fluorometric measurements are carried out under high irradiance regimes. Our results demonstrate that under certain circumstances NPQ seriously compromises the results obtained by in situ fluorometric probes and highlight the need for a cautious interpretation of field data under such environmental conditions.

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“…Because of their larger surface-to-volume ratios, they are better adapted to take up nutrients at low concentrations. In addition, our analysis did not distinguish between trophic mode among flagellates and we cannot exclude that the increased dominance of small flagellates is indicative of increased mixotrophic nutrition which is also indicative of nutrient depletion (Jones 1994). Small flagellates are by their size less suitable as prey for copepods than, for example, larger diatoms (Berggreen et al 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Plankton composition and biomass development: a seasonal study of a semi-intensive outdoor system for rearing of turbot

et al. 2015

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Plankton food web dynamics were studied during a complete production season in a semi-intensive land-based facility for rearing of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larvae. The production season was divided into three production cycles of 3-5 weeks. Phytoplankton biomass (using chlorophyll a as biomass proxy) peaked in each production cycle. However, the maximum biomass decreased from spring (18 lg chlorophyll a L À1 ) to fall (ca. 7 lg chlorophyll a L À1 ), simultaneous with a decline in the concentration of dissolved nitrogen in the inoculating water. During the three production cycles, we observed decreasing copepod nauplii concentration from spring to fall in the rearing tanks. The decreasing nitrogen gave increasing carbon to chlorophyll a ratio in the seston (from 23 in spring to 73 in fall). The pool of free amino acids in seston was constant. We suggest that the decreasing nitrogen input in the inoculating water reduces the quality of the phytoplankton and thus the growth potential of the prey for fish larvae, copepods.

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Use of intracellular amino acid analysis as an indicator of the physiological status of natural dinoflagellate populations

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Pluses and minuses of ammonium and nitrate uptake and assimilation by phytoplankton and implications for productivity and community composition, with emphasis on nitrogen-enriched conditions

Pluses and minuses of ammonium and nitrate uptake and assimilation by phytoplankton and implications for productivity and community composition, with emphasis on nitrogen-enriched conditions

Quantification of the Effect of Nonphotochemical Quenching on the Determination of In Vivo Chl a from Phytoplankton Along the Water Column of a Freshwater Reservoir

Plankton composition and biomass development: a seasonal study of a semi-intensive outdoor system for rearing of turbot

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