Use of internal artificial vaginas for breeding soundness evaluation in range bulls: an alternative for electroejaculation allowing observation of sex drive and mating ability

Barth, A.D.; Arteaga, A; Brito, Leonardo F.C.; Palmer, Colin W.

doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2004.02.010

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This notion is related to other suggestions, for example, that an immobile, inverted, Ushaped object is the strongest stimulus inducing copulatory behavior in bulls (Chenoweth, 1981;Price, 1987). The notion that an immobile, inverted, U-shaped object induces copulatory behavior in bulls also has been cited as justification for the use of sedated, severely restrained females in tests (Chenoweth, 1981;Price, 1987), and this approach is still being practiced today (Barth et al, 2004). These assertions seem tenuous Figure 5.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Although we agree that these methods decrease stimulus variation, and that bulls certainly express mounting behavior in these tests, it is important to point out that investigators using these methods have assumed that stimulus condition is negligible in terms of regulating the temporal expression of copulatory behavior in the bull. This is an unfounded assumption based on observations made by Barth et al (2004), who found that some bulls will not copulate with restrained females, whereas they will readily display normal copulatory behavior during pasture mating. Similarly, researchers studying Bos indicus bulls have reported that many bulls do not display intense sexual behavior under small-pen tests with restrained females (Chenoweth and Osbourne, 1975;Chenoweth, 1981), especially in the presence of investigators.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This failure may be an underlying issue associated with reports that bull serving capacity has little relationship with herd fertility (Smith et al, 1981;Chistensen et al, 1982;Boyd et al, 1989). Some bulls that do not copulate with restrained females during such tests go on to display normal sexual behavior during pasture mating (Barth et al, 2004). Additionally, severely restraining females during these tests has been criticized as inhumane (Fraser, 1983).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of sequential or group exposure to unrestrained estrual females on expression of sexual behavior in sexually experienced beef bulls1,2

Bailey

Anderson²,

Schillo³

2005

Journal of Animal Science

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We tested the hypothesis that expression of sexual behavior in bulls is affected by the manner in which they are exposed to unrestrained, sexually receptive females. Twelve Angus bulls were used in a crossover design involving two treatments, each tested four times for a total of eight tests for each bull. Sexual interactions were quantified for each of four, 30-min periods under the following treatments: 1) exposure to each of four estrual females in sequence (SEQ); or 2) exposure to four estrual females as a group (GRP). Bulls were blocked into three testing groups, the order of which was stratified across eight test days. The order in which bulls were tested on a particular day had no effect on bulls' expression of mount interactions, or flehmen responses, suggesting that each group of bulls had similar sexual motivation at the beginning of each test. However, the bull testing order x treatment x time interaction influenced mounting interval (P = 0.08), copulation frequency (P <0.05), and copulation success ratio (P <0.05). When bulls were in GRP and tested first on test days, more (P <0.05) copulations were distributed to the first three females encountered compared with either the fourth female (P <0.05) or to each of the other females in SEQ (P <0.05). During later tests, other bulls in GRP were not able to copulate as frequently (P <0.05) with each female, displayed lower (P <0.05) copulation success ratios, and were allowed copulations by fewer (P <0.05) females during each 30-min test. When bulls were in SEQ, they displayed similar numbers of copulations regardless of the order in which they were tested, and had stable mounting intervals; however, copulation success ratio decreased (P <0.05) more rapidly during subsequent tests. Flehmen responses were initially displayed more frequently (P <0.05) when bulls were in GRP, but this effect diminished during subsequent 30-min tests. In conclusion, exposure of bulls to GRP induced greater sexual responsiveness than SEQ; however, this effect was due to enhanced sexual activity during the early stages of sexual encounters and with females that were not recently mated. Interestingly, bulls seem to repeatedly copulate with each individual female until, apparently, female sexual receptivity became attenuated. Thereafter, recently mated females allowed fewer episodes of repeated copulations, but they did not completely cease copulating with novel bulls.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of sequential or group exposure to unrestrained estrual females on expression of sexual behavior in sexually experienced beef bulls1,2

Bailey

Anderson²,

Schillo³

2005

Journal of Animal Science

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“…However, when the same parameters were compared in individuals, significant variations were found on most sperm parameters for the method of collection in the same male, but also significant variations were found between males collected by EE in parameters that were similar when semen was collected by AV. Earlier studies in ruminants have shown that sperm concentration is depressed by EE (Memon et al 1986;Leon et al 1991) but not the motility patterns (Barth et al 2004;Marco-Jimenez et al 2005). To our knowledge, there is no information on the performance of spermatozoa collected by manual or automatic EEs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

CASA Assessment of Kinematic Parameters of Ram Spermatozoa and their Relationship to Migration Efficiency in Ruminant Cervical Mucus

Robayo

Montenegro

Valdés

et al. 2008

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Sperm motility is an indicator of male fertility because of its importance for sperm migration through the female genital tract and for gamete interaction at fertilization. This study analyses the relationship between computer assisted semen analysis (CASA) motility patterns and sperm migration of rams in ruminant cervical mucus. In experiment 1, spermatozoa extended with sperm analysis medium (SAM) and seminal plasma were compared in terms of motility. In experiment 2, 56 semen samples were collected either with artificial vagina (AV) or electroejaculator to be compared in terms of motility performance. In experiment 3, 104 ejaculates collected by AV from 26 males were analysed via the CASA system to characterize their motility patterns. In experiment 4, ejaculates from pairs of rams (20 rams in total) were simultaneously assessed for mucus migration (ovine, caprine, bovine) and motility patterns to evaluate the correlations between both parameters. Semen collected by AV and extended in SAM allows the most reliable assessment for sperm motility. Ram spermatozoa move fast and follow a linear trajectory compared with other ruminants. Continuous line velocity (VCL) and average path velocity (VAP) are the only sperm kinematic parameters that presented significant positive correlations with the ability to migrate in sheep cervical mucus (p < 0.05). Continuous line velocity, VAP, straight line velocity and linearity are highly significantly related with migration efficiency in goat cervical mucus (p < 0.01) and only lateral head displacement is negatively related to sperm migration in bovine cervical mucus (p < 0.05). These results suggest that specific kinematic parameters confer the ability of spermatozoa to colonize and migrate through epithelial mucus with different rheological properties.

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“…Therefore, these parameters were not evaluated in this study. However, individual sperm motility and morphology do not vary significantly with subsequent electroejaculations or compared with semen collected with artificial vagina and were considered reliable parameters for evaluation here (Leon et al 1991;Barth and Bowman 1994;Barth et al 2004;Brogliatti et al 2005).…”

Section: Semen Collection Evaluation and Cryopreservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Bovine Sperm‐Bound Antisperm Antibodies on Oviductal Binding Index

Ferrer

Anderson

Miller

et al. 2016

Reprod Domestic Animals

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This study was designed to test the hypothesis that sperm-bound IgG and IgA decrease binding of bull spermatozoa to oviductal epithelial cells in vitro. Three ejaculates were cryopreserved from each of four antisperm antibody (ASA)-negative satisfactory breeder bulls. Bulls were then immunized with autologous spermatozoa, and three ASA-positive ejaculates were cryopreserved from each bull post-immunization. First, microscopy methods were compared to select the most appropriate assay for evaluation of oviductal binding index (BI). The BI did not differ when the evaluation was performed under fluorescence microscopy (131.1 sperm/mm(2); 62.5-251.1 sperm/mm(2)), phase-contrast microscopy (160.5 sperm/mm(2); 56.8-397.4 mm(2)) or their combination (116.4 sperm/mm(2); 56.8-249.6 sperm/mm(2)) (Median; IQR). The combination of microscopy methods was selected as it allowed better visualization of cells. Then, BI was compared between ASA-negative and ASA-positive ejaculates, and the association between BI and ASA binding was evaluated. The BI was less in ASA-positive (114.9; 0 to 201.8 sperm/0.1 mm(2)) than ASA-negative samples (218.9; 24.7 to 276.8 sperm/0.1 mm(2)) (P = 0.0002). This reduction in BI was significant in three of the four bulls. Regression analysis identified a negative association between BI and the percentage of IgG-bound (p = 0.013) but not IgA-bound spermatozoa. In conclusion, sperm-bound IgG decreased the ability of bovine spermatozoa to bind to oviductal epithelial cells in vitro.

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Use of internal artificial vaginas for breeding soundness evaluation in range bulls: an alternative for electroejaculation allowing observation of sex drive and mating ability

Cited by 25 publications

References 4 publications

Effects of sequential or group exposure to unrestrained estrual females on expression of sexual behavior in sexually experienced beef bulls1,2

Effects of sequential or group exposure to unrestrained estrual females on expression of sexual behavior in sexually experienced beef bulls1,2

CASA Assessment of Kinematic Parameters of Ram Spermatozoa and their Relationship to Migration Efficiency in Ruminant Cervical Mucus

Effect of Bovine Sperm‐Bound Antisperm Antibodies on Oviductal Binding Index

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