Use of Image Analysis to Assess Color Response on Plants Caused by Herbicide Application

Ali, Asif; Streibig, J. C.; Duus, Joachim; Andreasen, Christian

doi:10.1614/wt-d-12-00136.1

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…In 2016, digital-imagery analysis utilizing the public-domain Java-based ImageJ software (Ferreira and Rasband 2012) was implemented to measure ground cover by weeds as additional information on efficacy of herbicide mixtures. According to the methodology described by Ali et al (2013), the software––along with the plugin Threshold Colour written by Landini (2009)––can be applied to field images to differentiate between soil, green vegetation (live plants), and plant residue based on different hue and brightness values. Field images were collected in the field each week after herbicide application using a digital camera (COOLPIX 5700, Nikon Inc.) with resolution 2,560 by 1,920 pixels.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed Control with Halauxifen-Methyl Applied Alone and in Mixtures with 2,4-D, Dicamba, and Glyphosate

2018

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Synthetic auxin herbicides such as 2,4-D and dicamba are often utilized to control broadleaf weeds in preplant burndown applications to soybean. Halauxifen-methyl is a new synthetic auxin herbicide for broadleaf weed control in preplant burndown applications to corn, cotton, and soybean at low use rates (5 g ae ha–1). Field experiments were conducted to evaluate efficacy and weed control spectrum of halauxifen-methyl applied alone and in mixtures with 2,4-D (560 g ae ha–1), dicamba (280 g ae ha–1), and glyphosate (560 g ae ha–1). Glyphosate-resistant (GR) horseweed was controlled with halauxifen-methyl applied alone (90% control) and in mixtures (87% to 97% control) 35 d after treatment (DAT). Common ragweed was controlled 93% with halauxifen-methyl applied alone and 91% to 97% in mixtures 35 DAT. Halauxifen-methyl applied alone resulted in poor giant ragweed control 21 DAT (73% control); however, mixtures of halauxifen-methyl with 2,4-D, dicamba, or glyphosate controlled giant ragweed (86% to 98% control). Halauxifen-methyl alone resulted in poor redroot pigweed control (62% control) 21 DAT; however, mixtures of halauxifen-methyl with dicamba, 2,4-D, or glyphosate controlled redroot pigweed (89% to 98% control). Halauxifen-methyl controls GR horseweed and common ragweed applied alone and in mixtures with other synthetic auxin herbicides and glyphosate. Furthermore, mixing 2,4-D or dicamba with halauxifen-methyl can increase the weed control spectrum in preplant burndown applications.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed Control with Halauxifen-Methyl Applied Alone and in Mixtures with 2,4-D, Dicamba, and Glyphosate

2018

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“…Injured areas of the leaf were separated from the green area using picture thresholding software (Abramoff et al 2004), and the percent injured area was calculated. Results are presented as a percentage of similar data from leaves collected from nontreated control trees (Ali et al 2013), where 0 means a noninjured leaf and 100 means a completely dead leaf. Leaf greenness measurements were conducted in three randomly selected individual leaflets per tree at each evaluation.…”

Section: Visual Injury and Walnut Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Walnuts to Simulated Drift Rates of Bispyribac-Sodium, Bensulfuron-Methyl, and Propanil

2018

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A field study was established to study symptoms, growth and yield of 2-year-old walnut trees exposure to simulated drift of several herbicides commonly used in rice production. Bispyribac-sodium, bensulfuron-methyl, and propanil were applied at four rates representing 0.5%, 1%, 3% and 10% of the normal use rate in rice (45, 70, and 6725 g ai ha−1, for the three herbicides respectively). Symptoms started to appear approximately 7 days after application (DAT) and peaked 28 DAT. At that time, bispyribac-sodium caused greater injury at low drift rates (6% and 15% visual injury for 0.5% and 1% rate, respectively) compared to bensulfuron-methyl and propanil. Bispyribac-sodium also appeared to slow walnut shoot elongation compared to nontreated trees; however, no yield reductions were observed either in the year after drift exposure. The effect of bispyribac-sodium simulated drift on the yield and nut quality in the year of drift exposure was evaluated in a separate study on 3-year-old walnut trees. While no yield or nut quality reductions were observed, a linear correlation between rate of bispyribac-sodium and color, an important quality factor, was found: higher herbicide rates tended to be associated with darker kernel color. Bispyribac-sodium may damage nearby walnut orchards if drifted at significant amounts. However, it is unlikely that in a field situation bispyribac-sodium would drift at high enough levels to cause the symptoms observed from the 10% use rates in this study.

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“…Injured areas of the leaf were separated from the green area with picture thresholding software (Abramoff et al 2004), and the percentage of injured area was calculated. Results are presented as the percentage of similar data from leaves collected from nontreated trees, as described by Ali et al (2013). Leaf greenness was estimated with a SPAD-502 (Minolta Co. Ltd, Japan) from three randomly selected individual leaflets per tree at each evaluation.…”

Section: Visual Injury and Walnut Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Walnut Response to Multiple Exposures to Simulated Drift of Bispyribac-Sodium

2018

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A field study was established to evaluate symptoms, growth, yield, and nut quality of walnut trees subjected to multiple exposures of simulated bispyribac-sodium drift. Nut yield the year following simulated drift treatment was also evaluated because tissue differentiation for future fruiting position occurs in the prior season. Bispyribac-sodium was applied four times, at weekly intervals, at 0.5% and 3% of the use rate in rice (45 g ai ha-1). Injury from the 0.5% rate exceeded 5% after three applications. In general, the severity of the symptoms peaked 14 d after last application (23% and 40% injury for 0.5% and 3% rate, respectively) and subsequently remained nearly constant over the duration of the study. Growth of shoots treated with the 0.5% rate was initially delayed during the treatment regime but recovered after treatments ended; however, walnut shoots exposed to the higher rate had fewer internodes than nontreated trees at the end of the season. No measurable reduction in walnut yield or average nut weight either in the year of exposure or in the subsequent year was observed. However, both rates negatively affected walnut kernel color in the year of exposure.

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Use of Image Analysis to Assess Color Response on Plants Caused by Herbicide Application

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Weed Control with Halauxifen-Methyl Applied Alone and in Mixtures with 2,4-D, Dicamba, and Glyphosate

Weed Control with Halauxifen-Methyl Applied Alone and in Mixtures with 2,4-D, Dicamba, and Glyphosate

Response of Walnuts to Simulated Drift Rates of Bispyribac-Sodium, Bensulfuron-Methyl, and Propanil

Walnut Response to Multiple Exposures to Simulated Drift of Bispyribac-Sodium

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