Use of Hydrolyzed Chinese Gallnut Tannic Acid in Weaned Piglets as an Alternative to Zinc Oxide: Overview on the Gut Microbiota

Sun, Junying; Wang, Kaijun; Xu, Baichang; Peng, Xiaomin; Chai, Bei-Bei; Nong, Siwei; Li, Zheng; Shen, Shuibao; Si, Hongbin

doi:10.3390/ani11072000

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…These outcomes suggested that 3.0 kg/t TA may be a good alternative for ZnO in weaned piglets. A previous study has shown that dietary supplementation of hydrolyzed TA at 1899.5 mg/kg could be an alternative for ZnO in piglets [13], while the dose of TA is inconsistent with our results. This may take into account that hydrolyzed TA reduces the combination between TA and digestive enzymes, thereby enhancing TA bioactivities [11].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…TA have shown to linearly reduce the growth performance of weanling pigs [29,30]. However, many recent studies have observed that the dietary TA supplementation at an appropriate dose had no effect on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in piglets [12][13][14][15]. In agreement with this, the current study shows that dietary supplementation of 1.5 or 3.0 kg/t gallnut TA had no adverse effect on the growth performance in weanling piglets.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Traditionally, TA has been considered an anti-nutritional factor due to its ability to reduce nutrient digestibility by forming precipitates with proteins and digestive enzymes [11]. However, studies increasingly found that appropriate doses of TA can reduce diarrhea incidence and improve gut health without any adverse effect on the growth performance of piglets [12][13][14][15]. The observed positive effects of TA on weaned piglets can be attributed to its polyphenolic hydroxyl structure, which exhibits strong physiological properties such as anti-diarrhea, bacteriostasis, and antioxidant activities [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tannic acid extracted from gallnut improves intestinal health with regulation of redox homeostasis and gut microbiota of weaned piglets

Deng,

Wang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Animal Research and One Health

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The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of tannic acid (TA) derived from gallnut supplementation on growth performance and health status of weaned piglets. A total of 432 weanling piglets (7.05 ± 1.05 kg) were randomly allocated into 4 treatment groups with 6 replicates of 18 pigs/pen. Piglets were fed either a basal diet (CON), or basal diets supplemented with 1.5 kg/t TA, 3.0 kg/t TA, or 1.8 kg/t zinc oxide (ZnO) for 21 days. The results showed that, compared to the CON, dietary TA supplementation did not affect (p > 0.05) growth performance and serum biochemistry of weaned piglets. However, 3.0 kg/t TA had higher SOD, GPX, and CAT activities and a lower MDA concentration in the jejunum than those of the CON or the ZnO group. Meanwhile, 3.0 kg/t TA increased (p < 0.05) villus height and villus height/crypt depth, and decreased (p < 0.05) crypt depth in the small intestine. Dietary TA also downregulated (p < 0.05) IL‐1β and TNF‐α expression in jejunum. Furthermore, 3.0 kg/t TA reduced (p < 0.05) the abundance of Candidatus Brocadia and Escherichia‐Shigella in cecal digesta. Notably, both Candidatus Brocadia and Escherichia‐Shigella had a negative correlation with antioxidant enzymes activities (R < −0.60, p < 0.01), but Escherichia‐Shigella was positively correlated with MDA concentrations (R = 0.44, p < 0.05) in the jejunum. In conclusion, compared to the CON, 3.0 kg/t TA supplementation improved the gut health status of weaned piglets, potentially by regulating redox homeostasis and gut microbiota.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tannic acid extracted from gallnut improves intestinal health with regulation of redox homeostasis and gut microbiota of weaned piglets

Deng,

Wang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Animal Research and One Health

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“…This can be achieved by measuring the molecules that contribute to this interaction, especially the metabolites formed by the microbiota that are available for uptake by the host. Gut microbes play a key role in animal health, including digesting food, metabolism, regulating immunity, and defending against invading pathogens (56)(57)(58). The composition of different microbial communities in the digestive tract of animals is different, and the diversity and density of microbial communities increase gradually from the stomach to the hindgut (59).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linkages of Various Calcium Sources on Immune Performance, Diarrhea Rate, Intestinal Barrier, and Post-gut Microbial Structure and Function in Piglets

et al. 2022

Self Cite

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The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different sources of calcium on immune performance, diarrhea rate, intestinal barrier, and post-intestinal flora structure and function in weaned piglets. A total of 1,000 weaned piglets were randomly assigned to five groups 10 replicate pens per treatment, 20 piglets per pen and fed calcium carbonate, calcium citrate, multiple calcium, and organic trace minerals of different concentrations of acidifier diets. The results of the study showed that the replacement of calcium carbonate with calcium citrate and multiple calcium had almost no significant effect on immune indexes (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α) of piglets compared with the control group (p > 0.05). The five groups did not show a change in the diarrhea rate and diarrhea index (p > 0.05). The diet containing multiple calcium dramatically decreased the TP compared to the C and L diet (p < 0.05). No significant difference in HDL was noted in the five groups (p > 0.05). However, the concentration of LDL in blood in the multiple calcium group was significantly higher than that in groups L and D (p < 0.05). Moreover, the concentration of Glu in blood in the multiple calcium group was significantly higher than that in group C (p < 0.05). Compared with the control group, calcium citrate plus organic trace minerals diet markedly increased UCG-005 abundance in the colon (p < 0.05). In addition, the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group had an upward trend in the colon of the M group compared to the D group (p = 0.070). Meanwhile, calcium citrate plus organic trace minerals diet markedly increased Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 abundance in the colon (p < 0.05). Metagenomic predictions by PICRUSt suggested that the colonic and fecal microbiota was mainly involved in carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, and metabolism of cofactors and vitamins.

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“…At the nursery stage, which is from the weaning stage to 10 weeks and body weight of less than 30 kg [ 38 ], energy is mainly used to eliminate negative effects caused by weaning stress and to complete the immune system. Thus, the growth of the nursery pigs is slow [ 39 , 40 ]. Therefore, we continued to monitor the growth for an extra month.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth-Promoting Effects of Zhenqi Granules on Finishing Pigs

Luo

Huang

Qiu

et al. 2022

Animals

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Developing nonantibiotic livestock growth promoters attracts intensive interest in the post-antibiotic era. In this study, we investigated the growth-promoting efficacy of Zhenqi granules (ZQ) in pigs and further explored the possible mechanisms by transcriptomics analysis. Weaned piglets (52 days old with an average body weight of 17.92 kg) were fed with diets supplemented with different doses of ZQ (0 g/kg, 1 g/kg, and 2 g/kg) for 30 days and continued observations for an additional 32 days after removing ZQ from the diets. Compared with the control group, the average daily gain, carcass weight, average back fat thickness, and fat meat percentage of the group supplemented with 1 g/kg of ZQ showed a significant increase, and the feed/gain ratio was lower. The group supplemented with 2 g/kg of ZQ also showed a significant increase in average daily gain and average backfat thickness. A transcriptomics analysis revealed that the supplementation of ZQ at 1 g/kg upregulated the expression of genes related to collagen biosynthesis and lipid biosynthesis in skeletal muscle and liver. This effect was primarily through upregulating the mRNA levels of structural proteins and lipid-related enzymes. This study demonstrates the growth-promoting efficacy of ZQ and provides some insights of the mechanism of growth promotion.

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Use of Hydrolyzed Chinese Gallnut Tannic Acid in Weaned Piglets as an Alternative to Zinc Oxide: Overview on the Gut Microbiota

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

Tannic acid extracted from gallnut improves intestinal health with regulation of redox homeostasis and gut microbiota of weaned piglets

Tannic acid extracted from gallnut improves intestinal health with regulation of redox homeostasis and gut microbiota of weaned piglets

Linkages of Various Calcium Sources on Immune Performance, Diarrhea Rate, Intestinal Barrier, and Post-gut Microbial Structure and Function in Piglets

Growth-Promoting Effects of Zhenqi Granules on Finishing Pigs

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