Use of High-Resolution X-Ray Micro-Computed Tomography for the Analysis of Internal Structural Changes in Maize Infected with Fusarium verticillioides

Orina, Irene; Manley, Marena; Williams, Paul J.

doi:10.1007/s12161-017-0831-4

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The internal structure of Fusarium verticillioides ‐infected maize was examined by Orina, Manley, and Williams (2017b) using X‐ray micro‐contrast tomography (CT) to obtain information regarding undergoing physical and chemical changes due to fungal infection. Results of the study indicated loss of kernel integrity and decrease in kernel density as the fungal growth proceeded, resulting in low gray value intensities of the images (Figure 3).…”

Section: Application Of X‐ray Imaging For Mold and Mycotoxins Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research advancements in optical imaging and spectroscopic techniques for nondestructive detection of mold infection and mycotoxins in cereal grains and nuts

Mishra

Panda

Ramirez

et al. 2021

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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Cereal grains and nuts are represented as the economic backbone of many developed and developing countries. Kernels of cereal grains and nuts are prone to mold infection under high relative humidity and suitable temperature conditions in the field as well as storage conditions. Health risks caused by molds and their molecular metabolite mycotoxins are, therefore, important topics to investigate. Strict regulations have been developed by international trade regulatory bodies for the detection of mold growth and mycotoxin contamination across the food chain starting from the harvest to storage and consumption. Molds and aflatoxins are not evenly distributed over the bulk of grains, thus appropriate sampling for detection and quantification is crucial. Existing reference methods for mold and mycotoxin detection are destructive in nature as well as involve skilled labor and hazardous chemicals. Also, these methods cannot be used for inline sorting of the infected kernels. Thus, analytical methods have been extensively researched to develop the one that is more practical to be used in commercial detection and sorting processes. Among various analytical techniques, optical imaging and spectroscopic techniques are attracting growers' attention for their potential of nondestructive and rapid inline identification and quantification of molds and mycotoxins in various food products. This review summarizes the recent application of rapid and nondestructive optical imaging and spectroscopic techniques, including digital color imaging, X-ray imaging, near-infrared spectroscopy, fluorescent, multispectral, and hyperspectral imaging. Advance chemometric techniques to identify very low-level mold growth and mycotoxin contamination are also discussed. Benefits, limitations, and challenges of deploying these techniques in practice are also presented in this paper.

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Section: Application Of X‐ray Imaging For Mold and Mycotoxins Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research advancements in optical imaging and spectroscopic techniques for nondestructive detection of mold infection and mycotoxins in cereal grains and nuts

Mishra

Panda

Ramirez

et al. 2021

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Micro-CT allows the compositional differences within samples to be visualized based on the differences in the density, and solid areas, which have a higher density than air, absorb more X-rays during scanning and thus appear greater gray values in the grayscale images. 30,31 In the 8-bit CT slice grayscale images of the corn stalk samples, the epidermis and vascular bundles, which have high densities, appeared white, while the parenchyma cells, which have lower densities, appeared gray; the empty areas, which were filled with air, appeared black. 32 Before the original CT projection images could be reconstructed, a few reconstruction parameters had to be adjusted manually through trial and error using the preview function.…”

Section: Preparation Of Corn Stalk Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

A New Microcomputed-Tomography-Based Approach for Visualizing Microstructure Changes of Corn Stalk Pretreated with Dilute Sulfuric Acid

Xie

Zhu

et al. 2019

Energy Fuels

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The pretreatment of straw directly influences the following conversion efficiency. Hence, comprehensively understanding the changes in the pretreatment process is of great significance. This study used microcomputed tomography as a characterization technique to study the changes in the microstructure of dilute-acid-pretreated corn stalks. The optimal accelerating voltage for scanning and the optimal parameters for image reconstruction were determined. Rapid and noninvasive three-dimensional visual characterization of the corn stalk internal structure could be performed using microcomputed tomography, which has several advantages over conventional methods. After processing the obtained images, the microstructural changes of the stalk, including those in the thickness distribution, porosity, separation distribution, and pore connectivity as well as the X-ray mean attenuation coefficient were calculated and compared with those reported in the literature. Hence, microcomputed tomography is a feasible and nondestructive characterization method for better understanding of the effects of acid pretreatments on corn stalks and for optimizing pretreatment parameters.

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“…For example, it has been applied to estimate the hardness of maize grains by calculating the porosity of the grain ( Guelpa et al, 2015 ) and to explore the relationship between maize grain geometry and grain breakage susceptibility ( Hou et al, 2019 ). The X-ray μCT has also been employed to track the changes in the internal structure of the maize kernels followed by infection with Fusarium verticillioides ( Orina et al, 2017 ) and to examine the endosperm organization of high-amylose rice grains ( Zhu et al, 2012 ), the gap between maternal and filial tissues of wheat grain as well as the effect of endosperm microstructure on the cooking behavior of rice grain ( Mohorič et al, 2009 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Developmental Progression of Endosperm Cavity Formation in Maize Grain and the Underlying Molecular Basis Using X-Ray Tomography and Genome Wide Association Study

et al. 2022

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Endosperm cavity (EC) in maize grain reduces yield and causes grain breakage during mechanical harvesting, hence representing a major problem in the maize industry. Despite this, little is known regarding the biological processes governing EC formation. Here, we attempted to address this issue by (i) determining the spatial and temporal progression of EC in a non-invasive manner and (ii) identifying candidate genes that may be linked to the formation of EC by using a genome wide association study (GWAS). Visualization and measurement using X-ray micro-computed tomography established that EC first appeared at the central starch endosperm at about 12 days after pollination (DAP) and became enlarged thereafter. GWAS-based screening of a panel of 299 inbred lines with a wide range of EC size identified nine candidate genes that showed significant association with EC formation. Most of the candidate genes exhibited a decrease at 12 DAP, coinciding with the timing of EC appearance. Among them, ZmMrp11 was annotated as a member encoding a multidrug resistance-associated protein that has been shown in other studies to sequestrate toxic metabolites from the cytosol to the vacuole, thereby detoxifying the cellular environment. This, together with the reduced expression of ZmMrp11 in maize grains from 12 DAP, prompted us to propose that the low expression of ZmMrp11 may block cellular detoxification in the maize endosperm cells, leading to cell death and ultimately the formation of EC.

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Use of High-Resolution X-Ray Micro-Computed Tomography for the Analysis of Internal Structural Changes in Maize Infected with Fusarium verticillioides

Cited by 8 publications

References 53 publications

Research advancements in optical imaging and spectroscopic techniques for nondestructive detection of mold infection and mycotoxins in cereal grains and nuts

Research advancements in optical imaging and spectroscopic techniques for nondestructive detection of mold infection and mycotoxins in cereal grains and nuts

A New Microcomputed-Tomography-Based Approach for Visualizing Microstructure Changes of Corn Stalk Pretreated with Dilute Sulfuric Acid

Exploring the Developmental Progression of Endosperm Cavity Formation in Maize Grain and the Underlying Molecular Basis Using X-Ray Tomography and Genome Wide Association Study

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