Use of hexyl isocyanate antigen to detect antibodies to hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) in sensitized guinea pigs and in a sensitized worker

Karol, Meryl H.; Hauth, Beth Ann

doi:10.1016/s0272-0590(82)80090-0

Cited by 26 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…HDI-speci®c antibodies were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for IgG, and a radioallergosorbent test (RAST) for IgE, as previously described [Karol et al, 1995]. Human serum albumin (HSA) conjugates with hapten substitution ratios of 49:1 for HDI-monomer, or 37:1 for HDI-biuret were used as the antigens, as previously described [Karol and Hauth, 1982]. All antibody titres were con®rmed by inhibition assays, as previously described [Karol et al, 1995].…”

Section: Overall Spray Study Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclinical immunologic and physiologic responses in hexamethylene diisocyanate‐exposed auto body shop workers

Redlich

Stowe

Wisnewski

et al. 2001

American J Industrial Med

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Section: Overall Spray Study Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclinical immunologic and physiologic responses in hexamethylene diisocyanate‐exposed auto body shop workers

Redlich

Stowe

Wisnewski

et al. 2001

American J Industrial Med

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“…HDI conjugation was accomplished as described by Karol and Hauth (1982). All of the procedures were done at 0°C.…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IgE and IgG antibodies to NADs of isocyanates have been found in individuals with hypersensitivity to isocyanates (Bascom et al, 1985;Grunewalder and Karol, 1986;Karol and Hauth, 1982;Karol, 1985Pezzini et al, 1984;Zeiss, 1985). Although both acute and delayed sensitization have been demonstrated in these subjects, research into either changes or modulations in cell-mediated immunity (CMI) has been limited to lymphocyte transformation in sensitized individuals and changes in cyclic AMP (Avery et al, 1969;Bruckner et al, 1969;Butcher et al, 1976Butcher et al, , 1982.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological evaluation of four arc welders exposed to fumes from ignited polyurethane (isocyanate) foam: Antibodies and immune profiles

Broughton¹,

Thrasher²,

Gard³

1988

American J Industrial Med

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Four arc welders having a flu-like illness with multiple health complaints following an exposure to high concentrations of isocyanate fumes from ignited polyurethane foam underwent immunological tests as follows: ELISA antibody assays, activated lymphocyte profiles, and lymphocyte blastogenesis. ELISA procedures revealed the presence of antibodies to hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and formaldehyde (F) conjugated to human serum albumin (HDI-SA and F-SA). The results from the activated lymphocyte profiles showed deviations from the norm as follows: three welders had elevated helper/suppressor (H/S) ratios; all four had elevated percentages of Tal positive cells; two had decreases in B cells; and one had low total white cell and lymphocyte counts. In contrast, the percentage and absolute numbers of ILS receptor cells were normal in the four subjects. T cell blastogenesis to PHA, Con A and PWM resulted in the following: T-cells from one subject responded normally; in another, a high response (212% of controls) to PHA occurred with normal mitogenesis to Con A and PWM. In the remaining two welders, the T cells responded abnormally low (50 to 75% of controls) to the three mitogens. In conclusion, the existence of IgG antibodies to HDI-SA and F-SA, the altered activated immune profiles, the elevated Tal cells, and the abnormal blastogenesis are interpreted as being linked with the episode of HDI and F exposure and the subsequent flu-like illness of the four welders.

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“…The argument that immunologic mechanisms lie behind isocyanate-induced bronchoconstriction is supported by the detection of serum-specific IgE [2, 4, 6, 7, 8]and IgG [2, 9]antibodies to isocyanates. However, the significance of specific IgE and IgG antibodies in the pathogenesis of isocyanate-induced asthma remains unclear, since most patients have no evidences of antibodies to isocyanates [2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the significance of specific IgE and IgG antibodies in the pathogenesis of isocyanate-induced asthma remains unclear, since most patients have no evidences of antibodies to isocyanates [2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hexamethylene Diisocyanate Causes Contraction of Canine Tracheal Smooth Muscles through Activation of Muscarinic Receptors

Tomari¹,

Shimoda²,

Kawano³

et al. 2000

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: Asthma caused by occupational exposure to hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) is well known; however, the exact pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. Methods: Experiments were performed using a standard canine tracheal smooth muscle (CTSM) strip preparation in an isolated bath to determine the effect of HDI on tracheal smooth muscle contraction. HDI concentration-response curves were constructed and the effects of different receptor antagonists on HDI-induced smooth muscle contraction were determined. To determine whether HDI and acetylcholine (ACh) bind to a common muscarinic receptor, ACh concentration-response curves in the absence or presence of HDI and concentration-response curves for HDI and ACh in the presence or absence of atropine were plotted. Results: HDI caused contraction of CTSM, with a threshold concentration of 10^–7 M. The EC₅₀ (HDI concentration that produced 50% of the maximal response) was 6.2 ± 0.7 × 10^–7 M and the maximal contractile response (174 ± 55 g/g of tissue) occurred at a concentration of 5.0 ± 0.8 × 10^–6 M. Atropine, a muscarinic blocker, significantly inhibited HDI-induced contractile responses. HDI shifted the ACh concentration-response curve to the right. The mean pA₂ for atropine against ACh (8.93 ± 0.27) was not significantly different from that against HDI (8.03 ± 0.12). Conclusions: Our results indicated that HDI causes contraction of CTSM through the activation of muscarinic receptors. Direct stimulation of muscarinic receptors by HDI may play an important role in HDI-induced asthma.

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Use of hexyl isocyanate antigen to detect antibodies to hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) in sensitized guinea pigs and in a sensitized worker

Cited by 26 publications

References 21 publications

Subclinical immunologic and physiologic responses in hexamethylene diisocyanate‐exposed auto body shop workers

Subclinical immunologic and physiologic responses in hexamethylene diisocyanate‐exposed auto body shop workers

Immunological evaluation of four arc welders exposed to fumes from ignited polyurethane (isocyanate) foam: Antibodies and immune profiles

Hexamethylene Diisocyanate Causes Contraction of Canine Tracheal Smooth Muscles through Activation of Muscarinic Receptors

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