Use of heterospermic inseminations and paternity testing to evaluate the relative contributions of common sperm traits and seminal plasma proteins in boar fertility

Flowers, W.L.; Deller, F.; Stewart, Kara R

doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.09.016

Cited by 21 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Novak and co-workers (2010) found negative correlations between farrowing rate and total pigs born for two proteins, D-PSP-1 and a 60 kDa, 6.5 pI protein and a positive correlation with the same fertility measures and glutathione peroxidase-5. Similar results were reported Flowers et al (2016) with regards to glutathione peroxidase-5 using heterospermic inseminations and paternity testing. In addition, both of these studies found that concentrations of heat shock protein 70 was positively associated with boar fertility.…”

Section: Seminal Plasma Protein Compositionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…There have only been a few studies with boar sperm that have shown any relationship between fertility and CASA measurements. One of the most recent ones found that both average straight line velocity (VSL) and distance traveled (DSL) were greater in high versus low fertility boars based on competitive fertilization tests (Flowers et al, 2016). However, relationships among farrowing rates, number born alive and CASA measurements have been difficult to establish in the commercial swine industry (Flowers, 2013).…”

Section: Motilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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380 Factors Affecting Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) Measurements for Porcine Spermatozoa.

Zaritskiy

2018

Journal of Animal Science

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direction of Dr. William Flowers).Four experiments were conducted to determine the effects of time; dilution; slide location; and technician on common sperm quality estimates recorded using a computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system. For each experiment, the split ejaculate technique was used with 18 boars being collected weekly for 5 to 6 weeks (n=100 to 130 observations per treatment per experiment). For analysis time, CASA measurements were obtained at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 s after loading the sample onto the evaluation chamber. Motility, progressive motility, curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight line velocity (VSL) and cell beat frequency (BCF) all decreased (p<0.05) over time with their highest measurements recorded at either 0 or 30 s. Amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) remained constant (p=0.23). For dilution, the neat sample was analyzed along with subsamples diluted with BTS extender in ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3.Increasing the dilution of neat semen had variable effects on CASA parameters. However, measurements for the 1:1 rate were consistently equal to or higher (p<0.05) than those recorded for neat semen and their counterparts with higher dilutions. For slide location, CASA measurements were recorded from 5 locations on the slide: lower central; middle central; upper central; middle right; and upper right. The location within the chamber at which measurements were taken had no effect on VCL (p=0.32); VSL (p=0.45); and BCF (p=0.14). For motility, progressive motility, and ALH all locations were similar (p>0.05) with the exception of the middle central in which the lowest (p<0.05) readings were recorded. For the effect of technician, 5 individuals with different levels of expertise with microscopes loaded and recorded CASA measurements from the same slide according to a randomized schedule. No differences (p>0.67) among technicians were observed for any of the CASA variables. Collectively, results from these studies indicate that neat samples should be diluted 1:1 and readings should be taken from any location except middle central slide area within 30 s of loading the sample in order to obtain the highest measurements. Prior experience of the technician performing CASA does not appear to have a significant effect on mobility estimates

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Section: Seminal Plasma Protein Compositionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Motilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

380 Factors Affecting Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) Measurements for Porcine Spermatozoa.

Zaritskiy

2018

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Testing sperm in competition has been carried out by means of heterospermic insemination, for example in rabbits, pigs or bulls (e.g. Flowers, Deller, & Stewart, ). Some problems with this approach are that it requires paternity testing or that an absolute ranking of males may not be possible.…”

Section: Can Sperm Competition Concepts Be Used In Sperm Evaluation Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pre‐testing of the effect of fluorochromes may be required, and this approach may also involve the consideration that optimum timing for capacitation or fertilization may not be the same for all males. In any case, this test may allow for the identification of sperm traits that correlate well with fertility (Flowers et al., ).…”

Section: Can Sperm Competition Concepts Be Used In Sperm Evaluation Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sperm competition and the evolution of sperm form and function in mammals

Roldán

2019

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Sperm competition is a powerful selective force that has influenced many reproductive traits in males and females although additional evolutionary explanations may help to understand the diversity of mammalian reproduction. Sperm morphology varies considerably in mammals with extreme examples in several rodent lineages in which a wide range of sizes and complex head morphologies have been identified. Mammalian spermatozoa also differ in function, with swimming velocity and trajectory showing much divergence. Underlying processes mediating function have received little attention so far, but differences in timing and proportion of sperm undergoing capacitation or acrosomal exocytosis may be related to variation in signalling processes. Furthermore, energy required for sperm functions (such as motion, signalling and overall maintenance of cell integrity) can be produced and consumed, following different patterns among species and this could be the result of several selective forces. A more thorough understanding of the diversity in structure and function of sperm cells, and underlying selective forces, may help us develop better methods to assess them taking into account particulars and generalities of sperm form and performance. Such tests could then become more reliable in estimations of the impact of cryopreservation or effect of changes in the environment and their relevance for fertility.

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“…Research using multivariate discriminant analysis has shown that ejaculates containing sperm with higher percentages of total motility and progressive motility are associated with greater farrowing rates and total pigs born (Kummer et al, 2013). Furthermore, a study conducted by Flowers et al (2016) evaluated heterospermic inseminations in which boar ejaculates were combined to make insemination doses in such a way that each boar was tested against all of his contemporaries in the study. The results of this study indicated that boars which consistently sired the majority of piglets demonstrated higher levels of motility and average linear sperm velocity (i.e.…”

Section: Sperm Quality Analyses For Sperm Motility and Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of warmed semen extender on boar sperm quality post-collection

Lovercamp

Giri

2019

Transactions of the Missouri Academy of Science

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Semen used for artificial insemination (AI) in the swine industry is typically collected into a warmed semen collection cup containing an empty collection bag. If the ambient temperature does not closely match the temperature of the warmed collection cup and semen at the time of collection then negative effects to the motility and morphology of the sperm cells may occur due to temperature shock. The purpose of this research was to determine if collecting boar semen directly into semen extender warmed to 38.5°C would affect sperm quality post-collection. Sexually mature Berkshire x Duroc crossbred boars (n = 7) were semen collected once per week for four consecutive weeks. Every other collection, the boar's ejaculate was collected into a collection cup and plastic collection bag warmed to 38.5°C containing either no semen extender (control) or 100 mLs of a commercially available long-term semen extender warmed to 38.5°C (treatment). Following collection and processing, the semen was extended to 37.5 × 106 sperm/mL and stored for 6 days post-collection in a semen cooler at 17°C. Motility and morphology were evaluated on day 0 (day of collection) and day 6. There was no day x treatment effect (P > 0.05). Statistical differences (P = 0.03) were found between the treatment and control for sperm motility (82.2 vs. 75.2%) and sperm progressive motility (64.1 vs. 53.5%). No differences (P = 0.96) were present for normal sperm morphology in the treatment compared to the control (89.1 vs. 89.0%). These data suggest that boar semen ejaculates collected into a collection cup and plastic collection bag containing 100 mLs of semen extender warmed to 38.5°C will have greater percentages of motile and progressively motile sperm compared to boar sperm collected into a collection cup and plastic collection bag warmed to 38.5°C containing no semen extender.

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Use of heterospermic inseminations and paternity testing to evaluate the relative contributions of common sperm traits and seminal plasma proteins in boar fertility

Cited by 21 publications

References 29 publications

380 Factors Affecting Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) Measurements for Porcine Spermatozoa.

380 Factors Affecting Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) Measurements for Porcine Spermatozoa.

Sperm competition and the evolution of sperm form and function in mammals

Effect of warmed semen extender on boar sperm quality post-collection

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