Use of Hamster (Cricetus auratus) for Detection of Influenza Virus in Throat Washings.

Abstract

hypophysis of iodine deficient animals was suggested by histologicat examination of their hypophysis. These glands showed a decreased percentage of acidophils with an increased number of basophils, as is the case with thyroidectomized a n i m a f~.~~' l8 Since this hypophyseal picture in thyroidectomized animals is indicative of excessive release of thyrotropic hormone,l6+ l9, 2o it is likely that it bears the same significanw in animals lacking iodine. Goitrous thyroids would thus result from hypophyseal modifications. However, the possibility of a direct action of iodine on the thyroid is not excluded."The hyperplastic thyroids of rats given an iodinedeficient diet acquire an increased ability to fix iodine. The thyroid and hypophyseal changes in these goitrous animals indicate an excessive release of thyrotropic factor from their hypophysis.Coml.tlsion. 13480 Use of Hamster (Cricetus auratus) for Detection of Influenza Virus in Throat Washings." 13. M. TAYLOR AND A. S. PARODI. (Introduced by J. H. Bauer.) F r o m the Pirus Dqinrtment of the Instituto Bacteriolo'gico, Buenos Aires.One of us has reported' that the hamster (Cricetus auratus) gave a specific immune response following intranasal inoculation of throat-washings taken from persons acutely ill with influenza A. These observations have now been extended, not only with regard to the immune response of the hamster but also as to its use in adapting influenza A virus to mice.ExficYiwenfnZ Mcrterinl. The throat-washings used in these experiments were collected from persons presumably ill from influenza during the epidemic which occurred in the Argentine in July, 1940. The throat-washings were taken with 20 cc of an equal mixture of 17 Marine, D., Rosen, S. H., and Sparke, C., PROC. SOC. EXP. BIOL. AND Mm.91sSliarpless. G. R.

Animal Models for Influenza Virus Pathogenesis and Transmission

“…In the 1940s, experiments showed that hamsters inoculated with influenza viruses demonstrated no clinical signs of disease, yet they mounted a specific antibody response to the infection [ 178 ]. In the 1960s through 1980s, the hamster model was employed primarily in studies of vaccine efficacy; however, the model has been used less frequently in recent years.…”

A new, surface-antigen-adsorbed influenza virus vaccine. I. Studies on immunogenicity in hamsters

“…Previous reports from this laboratory have described the use of the hamster as an experimental model for examining the antibody response to inactivated influenza vaccines Potter, Jennings, Marine & McLaren, 1973). Earlier workers (Taylor & Parodi, 1942;Friedewald & Hook, 1948) have found that influenza viruses replicate in the lungs of hamsters and can be recovered from this tissue in high titre. These findings suggest that hamsters could provide a useful model system for the study of influenza infection and immunization.…”

The tree shrew provides a useful alternative model for the study of influenza H1N1 virus

“…This selected animal model needs to mimic human influenza, in terms of similarity of clinical signs, histopathologic changes and virus replication kinetics. A number of animal models such as mice [3], cotton rats [4], guinea pigs [5], hamsters [6], ferrets [7], non-human primates, such as macaques [8] have been developed, but many gaps, including clinical symptoms and transmission, remain in our understanding.…”