Use of goal attainment scaling in measuring clinically important change in cognitive rehabilitation patients

Rockwood, Kenneth; Joyce, Brenda; Stolee, Paul

doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(97)00014-0

Cited by 152 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In contrast, a moderate correlation was noted between the standardized measures, i.e., BI and FIM, and the GAS T-score in frail elderly people, which supports the construct validity of GAS. Good results were generally obtained with regard to the inter-rater reliability, regardless of the presence or absence of diseases 11,52,54,55,[58][59][60] . Reid et al 21) reported that the clinical utility of this technique had been observed in stroke patients, but no reports that verified either its validity or reliability were available.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Therefore, this may be considered to be an interview via free conversation, to set goals. The validity, reliability, and responsiveness of GAS has been evaluated not only in the mental health field but also in various fields such as those involving children with disabilities (e.g., cerebral palsy and mental and/or physical retardation), elderly patients, brain injury patients, dementia patients, and frail elderly people (Table 3, 4) 8, 11,17,18,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61] . In children with disabilities, no significant correlation was noted between the standardized measure, the Peabody Gross Motor Scale, and the GAS T-score 17,18) , which suggests that GAS determines aspects different from the Peabody Gross Motor Scale.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, c o g n i t i v e rehabilitation 58) , frail elderly 59) , and other 60,61 ) COPM (Law et al 62) ) To assess client outcome in areas of self-care, productivity and leisure and to establish performance goals based on the client's perception 16,62) Semi-structured interview The occupational therapists identify performance goals based on the client's perceptions of need in the areas of self-care, productivity, and leisure (Step 1). The client is asked to rate the importance to him of these activities (…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GAS Tscores are then calculated by assigning weights to each goal. GAS evaluates the validity, reliability, and responsiveness as the goal attainment measures for patients with mental health disorders or brain damage, physically handicapped children, or the elderly 11,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61] . Reid et al 21) reported the clinical utility of GAS for stroke patients, but there have been no studies assessing its validity, reliability, and responsiveness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Non significant correlations between PGMS and GAS change score (r=0.25, 0.33) 17,18) No correlation between COPM and GAS 49) Brain injuries Content analysis of goal areas (GAS goals were set in 17 of 18 goal areas in the rehabilitation of brain injury patients) supported content validity 52) NS Strong correlation between CGI and GAS change score (r=0.81) 52) Geriatric (include stroke) The agreement (82%) in identifying goal areas by two geriatricians, and content analysis of goal areas (GAS goals were set in 12 of 13 goal areas in the geriatric rehabilitation) supported content validity 54) . Content analysis of goal areas supported content validity (GAS goals were grouped into major categories, of which the most common were mobility, future care, ADL/IADL, bowel and bladder problems) 55) Strong correlation between BI and GAS change score (r=0.86) 54) Moderate correlation between BI, OARS-IADL and GAS change score (r=0.60, 0.48) 55) Alzheimer's disease or dementia NS Strong correlation between CGI (r=0.85), moderate correlation between ADAS-Cog (r=0.52), GDS (r=0.63) and GAS change score 56) Poor correlation between BI, HABAM, CIRS and GAS change score (r s =-0.22 ~ 0.17) 57) C o g n i t i v e rehabilitation NS NS Moderate correlation between MEDLS (r=0.52), RDRS (r=-0.47) and GAS change score 58) Frail elderly NS NS Moderate correlation between BI (r=0.59), FIM (r=0.45), the Physical Self-Maintenance Scale (r=-0.54) and GAS change score 59) Stroke NS NS NS Other NS Pain: Moderate to low correlation between walking (in 5 min) (r=0.47), ODQ (r=0.31) and GAS change score 61) Lower-extremity amputations: Non-significant correlations between BI, LCI, and GAS change score 60) Table 3. Evidence for validity of Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) Spearman's rank correlation coefficient Note: Content validity was examined by having 10 physical therapists rate(5-point scale) 10 randomly selected GAS-formatted goals on three dimensions: (1)the importance of the goal for motor development and function, (2)whether the expected progress was achievable, and (3)whether each of the four levels of change was clinically important.…”

Section: Nonementioning

confidence: 99%

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Goal-Setting Method and Goal Attainment Measures in Physical Therapy for Stroke Patients: a Systematic Review

et al. 2009

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Abstract.[Purpose] This review aimed: (1) to obtain all the facts regarding existing goal-setting methods in physical therapy; (2) to clarify the application status of the methods for stroke patients; and (3) to put forth a suggestion for the development of a format prepared by collaboration between stroke patients and physical therapists.[Methods] A systematic search was performed to identify the existing goal-setting methods and to obtain the relevant literature. We reviewed a total of 165 reports. [Results] We identified 8 types of goal-setting methods: Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS), the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), goal forum intervention, and others. GAS was evaluated for its validity, reliability, and sensitivity for physically disabled children and the elderly, but there were no reports on the applicability of GAS to stroke patients. The COPM, which is a subjective measurement method using self-reporting, was evaluated for validity, reliability, and sensitivity for occupational therapy patients and physically disabled children. The goal forum intervention is a goal-setting method involving the collaboration of patients and physical therapists with the use of a check-list, but this method was developed for rheumatoid arthritis patients. [Conclusion] We recommend further studies on the development of a goal-setting method using a checklist for stroke patients and the evaluation of the validity and reliability of GAS for stroke patients.

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