Use of GIS Tools in Sustainable Heritage Management—The Importance of Data Generalization in Spatial Modeling

Abstract

Cultural heritage is a very important element affecting the sustainable development. To analyze the various forms of spatial management inscribed into sustainable development, information on the location of objects and their concentration at specific areas is necessary. The main goal of the article was to show the possibility of using various GIS tools in modeling the distribution of historical objects. For spatial analysis, it is optimal to use the point location of objects. Often, however, it is extremely difficult, laborious, expensive, and sometimes impossible to obtain. Thus, various map content generalizations were analyzed in the article; the main goal was to find the level for which the data with an acceptable loss of accuracy can be generalized. Such analyses can be extremely useful in sustainable heritage management. Article also shows how cultural heritage fits into the sustainable heritage management. The research included non-movable monuments in Poland. The obtained results showed the universality of this type of research both in the thematic sense (can be used for various types of objects) and spatial sense (can be performed locally, at the country level, or even at the continental level).

Using Building Information Modelling to map the composition of glass panes in a historic house

“…It provides a method of database storage, where field measurements can be combined with digitalisations of analog data (e.g. plans and drawings) and other descriptive and metric data (Ciski et al, 2019). More fundamentally, this allows vector drawings to be related to attribute data (and metadata), which can facilitate a better understanding of spatial patterns and relationships.…”

Threats to Cultural Heritage Caused by the Global Sea Level Rise as a Result of the Global Warming

“…Non-movable monuments are registered by an entry in the register of objects of cultural heritage (pol. Rejestr zabytków), kept by the Voivodeship Conservators of Monuments [28]. The generic division of non-movable monuments was designed by The National Heritage Board of Poland (NHBP).…”

Visual analytics for diagnosing spatial interpolation models

“…The work by Thakali et al (2015), for instance, compares the use of Kriging and KDE techniques. Their solution, also used in other works (Chainey et al, 2008;Ciski et al, 2019), consists of creating hotspot maps from density maps using GIS tools and later comparing them side-by-side. As these techniques rely on appropriate parameter settings to be successfully used, some works focus on finding ideal parameters for a given set of points (Bachoc, 2013(Bachoc, , 2018Chiu, 1991;Krisp, 2010).…”

“…Although there are many different specialized visual analytics systems for analyzing geospatial data, for example, in crime analysis (Beecham et al, 2015; de Queiroz Neto et al, 2020; García et al, 2021; Malik et al, 2010) and movement analysis (Adrienko & Adrienko, 2011; Shi et al, 2020; Wang et al, 2013), most analysts still rely on general‐purpose geographic information systems (GIS) to conduct spatial analysis of their models (Chainey et al, 2008; Ciski et al, 2019; Feizizadeh et al, 2017). These systems usually have a wide variety of functionalities and offer an integrated environment to load the data and different ways to display the data.…”

“…During the collaboration with the specialists, we identified five different ATs they needed to perform when building and diagnosing a new model for spatial interpolation. These five tasks were defined based on their experience (Viana & Barbosa, 2021) and other previous work research on spatial model comparison and visualization we discussed above, such as Ciski et al (2019), Thakali et al (2015), and Yang and Hodler (2000). The tasks can be performed to verify the quality of spatial interpolation models independently of the model used and the application area.…”