Use of GIS and Remote Sensing in Tourism

Abstract

A geographic information system (GIS) is a computer-based information system using special tools to manage location-based data and their attributes for decision-making. Geospatial functions cut across many fields and support problem solving through geodata design and analysis. GIS have been used, for example, in environmental conservation and wildlife management. Its use in tourism planning, development and management, and marketing of destination products is only a more recent approach. The adoption of the technology affects both the sustainability of environmental resources and the quality of tourists' experience. The purpose of this chapter is, first, to explore the functionalities and usage potentials of GIS in the tourism domain. Second, two studies of Maasai Mara Game Reserve and Nairobi National Park portray how GIS and satellite remote sensing imagery is applied to assess the ecosystem's changes, their causes, and major implications. Examination of Landsat satellite image data for 2000 and 2017 shows that due to conversion of areas to farmlands and settlements, the coverage of Mau Forest Complex, the main catchment area for the Mara ecosystem, had reduced by 30.2% and vegetation by 22.8%. The analysis of Nairobi National Park showed that the Kitengela wildlife migration corridor has been completely encroached by human settlement and mining activities, thus seriously compromising the performance of the ecosystem. Mapping of human development pressure on the ecosystem using GIS technologies can be used to assess and manage the tourism resources potential in conjunction to biodiversity conservation as a critical element in improving wildlife as a tourism destination product.

The economic-administrative role of geographic information systems in rural tourism and exhaustive local community development in African marginalized communities

“…Therefore, refined sensing instruments are vital for sketching soil management zones for variable-rate fertilization (Nawar et al, 2017); hence, ensuring accuracy preservation for environmental sustainability and agriculture, also in conjunction with GIS and GPS (Berry, Detgado, Khosla, & Pierce, 2003;Delavarpour, Koparan, Nowatzki, Bajwa, & Sun, 2021); hence consequential for the Big GIS analytics model for agribusiness supply chains (Sharma, Kamble, Gunasekaran, Kumar, & Kumar, 2020). Satellite remote sensing imagery and GIS in Maasai Mara Game Reserve and Nairobi National Park and the ecosystem's assortments, representatives and influential connections have been recognized; and using the Masai Mara ecosystem wildlife sanctuary in East Africa (Ndegwa, Mundia, & Murayama, 2009;Magige, Jepkosgei, & Onywere, 2020). Similarly, Gcaba and Dlodlo (2016) recommend internet of thing usage and remote sensing South African tourism developments.…”

“…Satellite remote sensing imagery and GIS in Maasai Mara Game Reserve and Nairobi National Park and the ecosystem's assortments, representatives and influential connections have been recognized; and using the Masai Mara ecosystem wildlife sanctuary in East Africa (Ndegwa, Mundia, & Murayama, 2009;Magige, Jepkosgei, & Onywere, 2020). Similarly, Gcaba and Dlodlo (2016) recommend internet of thing usage and remote sensing South African tourism developments.…”

Trends of anemia, spatiotemporal patterns, and their associated factors among pregnant mothers in Ethiopia using Ethiopian demographic and health surveys (2005, 2011, and 2016)

“…In this analysis, the p-value associated with a 95%, 90%, and 99% con dence level would have been used to determine the existence of signi cant clustering. Areas at high risk (hotspot) of pregnant anemic mothers (the statistical output with high Gi) and areas at low risk (cold spot) of anemia during pregnancy (the statistical output with low Gi) were detected (12,13). The spatial interpolation technique was applied to predict the unsampled areas from sampled measurements (14).…”

Using geographical information systems in literary tourism: an analysis to the “An English family” novel, from Júlio Dinis

“…In this way, GIS are being used for a long time to provide decision support information (Lukasheh, Droste, & Warith, 2001; Yianna & Poulicos, 2003; Bahaire & Eliott-White, 2010; Belo, Silva, Brito, & Menezes, 2015), and to solve several problems through geodata design and analysis, as is the case of the tourism pressure in the environment and the management of geographical information to strengthening tourism territories (Magige, Jepkosgei, & Onywere, 2020; Gavilanes Montoya et al, 2021).…”