Use of geotechnologies for morphometric analysis of experimental basin in the semiarid region to support hydrological simulation

Abstract

The morphometric characteristics help to regulate the hydrological processes of a basin. The understanding of these characteristics is essential for an adequate planning of water resources. The aim of this study was to analyze the sensitivity of the hydrological simulation to different pixel thresholds for the generation of the drainage network and to perform a detailed morphometric characterization of the sub-basin upstream of a fluviometric section (SBSF) installed in the experimental basin of the Jatobá stream, semiarid region of Pernambuco. The following thresholds were considered: 264, 132, 66, 55 and 44 pixels, corresponding to scenarios 1 to 5, respectively. The morphometric analyses were performed through hydrological modeling and the use of mathematical equations, where 25 morphometric indices were evaluated. The results indicated that scenarios 3, 4 and 5 adequately represented the hydrological processes. The physical parameters indicate that the basin has an elongated shape, with a low tendency for flood peaks under normal conditions of climatic events. Although the SBSF presents a low average slope, it was verified the existence of regions with high slopes, favoring the surface runoff, which requires the adoption of conservationist practices and the maintenance of native vegetation.

Cartografía de cobertura del suelo mediante datos de teledetección en la planicie de desborde del río Apure (Venezuela)

“…Otro esfuerzo de modelado ha incluido la presencia de vegetación en modelos morfodinámicos basados físicamente en la evolución del río para investigar cómo su presencia influye en la forma del río (Murray y Paola, 2003;Crosato y Saleh, 2011;Zen y Perona, 2020). Además, la cobertura vegetal también juega un papel importante en la dinámica hidrológica de los canales de drenaje, ya que la presencia de vegetación reduce el impacto de las lluvias, aumenta la infiltración de agua en el suelo y reduce el tiempo y velocidad de formación de la escorrentía superficial (Silva et al, 2019;Chagas et al, 2022;Silva et al, 2022).…”

Morphometric characterization of the Alto do Ipojuca hydrographic basin

“…Dentro dessa temática, diversos modelos foram desenvolvidos com o intuito de avaliar os impactos hidrológicos resultantes de práticas de manejo de solo e água nas bacias hidrográficas, a fim de subsidiar o planejamento e a gestão dos recursos hídricos (Cargnelutti et al, 2017;Silva e Cota, 2019). O SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) é um modelo hidrológico que foi desenvolvido de modo a simular os impactos de práticas de manejo de água e solo, produção de sedimentos e agroquímicos em bacias hidrográficas, em escala de tempo diária, mensal ou anual (Silva e Cota, 2019;Chagas et al, 2022).…”