Use of GeneXpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin for rapid detection of rifampicin resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains of clinically suspected multi-drug resistance tuberculosis cases

Guenaoui, Kheira; Harir, Noria; Ouardi, Aissa; Zeggai, Soumia; Sellam, Feriel; Bekri, Farid; Touil, Sakina Cherif

doi:10.21037/atm.2016.05.09

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…To date, sputum smear microscopy remains the first microbial analysis for both the diagnosis of TB and the assessment of patient infectiousness, which guides airborne isolation measures. [16] However, the limited sensitivity of this method hinders its widespread application for TB diagnosis. In addition, smear microscopy shows limited specificity, because AFB staining cannot distinguish between MTB and non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison Studies of GENXPERT versus MGIT Culture of Bronchial Lavage in Sputum Smear Negative Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Uppe¹,

Sharma²,

Sawant³

et al. 2018

AJIDM

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Introduction: Xpert MTB/RIF (Cepheid, USA) is an automated real-time PCR system that simultaneously detects TB and resistance to rifampicin. The test has excellent accuracy when performed on sputum and is endorsed by the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the USA Federal Drug Administration. Aims: To measure the diagnostic yield of bronchoalveolar lavage gene Xpert and compare it with traditional mycobacterial cultures in smear-negative and sputum-scarce pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: A prospective observational study at a tertiary care hospital in India was conducted. A total of 200 patients who were 18 years or older under evaluation for clinico-radiological features of PTB with a history of a cough >2 weeks and a chest X-ray with pulmonary parenchymal involvement were recruited after ensuring two consecutive sputum negative smears or inability to produce adequate sputum. A volume of one ml of BAL sample was used to detect mycobacterium tuberculosis by the G4 version of Xpert ® MTB/RIF (Cepheid, USA) and by traditional mycobacterial cultures. cartridges without initial decontamination or centrifugation. Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values were calculated with 95% class intervals (CIs). McNemar's test was used for comparison of sensitivities. Result: The results showed that the AFB smear test had 76.83% (95% CI: 66.20-85.44) sensitivity, 100.0% (95% CI: 96.92-100.0) specificity with 100.% PPV and 86.13% (95%CI: 80.72-90.21) NPV compared to culture report.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison Studies of GENXPERT versus MGIT Culture of Bronchial Lavage in Sputum Smear Negative Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Uppe¹,

Sharma²,

Sawant³

et al. 2018

AJIDM

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show abstract

“…11 The Xpert MTB/RIF (Cepheid Inc.) is an automated, user friendly and rapid test based on nested real-time PCR assay and molecular beacon technology for MTB detection and RIF resistance. 12 The results are obtained within a short period of time (2 h). Moreover this technique is not prone to cross-contamination, requires minimal Biosafety facilities and has a high sensitivity in smear-negative pulmonary TB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay and LED-FM microscopy for the diagnosis of extra pulmonary tuberculosis in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Khan

Ali²,

Khan

et al. 2018

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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GeneXpert is one of the recent technological instruments used to diagnose tuberculosis in a short span of time. In this study, the performance of GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay for the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) was compared with light-emitting diode Fluorescent Microscopy (LED-FM) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 737 EPTB samples were collected from tuberculosis (TB) suspected patients. Out of these samples, male to female ratio was 53% (n = 390) to 47% (n = 347) respectively. The sensitivity and specificity was 73% and 100% for GeneXpert, while 40% and 100% for LED-FM microscopy. This shows that the sensitivity of GeneXpert is 40–50%, higher than LED-FM microscopy. GeneXpert also detected low number of bacilli as compared to LED-FM microscopy.

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“…The Ct values are classified into high (<16), medium (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22), low (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28), and very low (>28) categories.⁶…”

Section: Diagnosis: Methods and Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[16][17][18] The diagnosis of EPTB is even more challenging due to the low number of bacteria in the specimens taken from infected sites.¹⁹ Culturing is the standard reference to diagnose TB, but this requires 2-8 weeks. 20,21 Further details on TB diagnosis and the challenges are discussed below.…”

Section: The Microbe and Pathogenesis Of Tbmentioning

confidence: 99%

A recent update of the diagnostic methods for tuberculosis and their applicability in Indonesia: a narrative review

Susilawati

Larasati

2019

Med J Indones

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global problem, especially with the high prevalence of HIV-TB co-infection. Delayed diagnosis and continual transmission contribute to high mortality in Indonesia, which has the third highest incidence of TB in the world, after China and India. Therefore, early diagnosis is needed to reduce the number of cases and to administer therapy to prevent the transmission of bacteria. The diagnosis of TB remains a challenge in clinical practice due to poor sensitivity and the requirement of skilled staff in microscopic tests, the slow growth Mycobacterium in culture, and the low number of bacilli present in extrapulmonary TB. Despite being the golden standard for TB diagnosis, cultures require 2–8 weeks to grow. Other methods for diagnosing TB include interferon-gamma release assays and serologic tests such as the tuberculin skin test. Recently, the World Health Organization recommended the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay for diagnosing TB. This review presents the current state of TB epidemiology and various methods for TB diagnosis. In particular, the paper provides an in-depth discussion about the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay that has been made available recently in selected tertiary hospitals in Indonesia.

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Use of GeneXpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin for rapid detection of rifampicin resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains of clinically suspected multi-drug resistance tuberculosis cases

Abstract: GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay is efficient and reliable technique for the rapid diagnostic of TB. It's simplicity, high sensitivity and specificity for RIF resistance detection make this technique a very attractive tool for diagnostic of MTB and RIF resistance in MDR cases.

Cited by 30 publications

References 18 publications

Comparison Studies of GENXPERT versus MGIT Culture of Bronchial Lavage in Sputum Smear Negative Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Comparison Studies of GENXPERT versus MGIT Culture of Bronchial Lavage in Sputum Smear Negative Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Comparison of GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay and LED-FM microscopy for the diagnosis of extra pulmonary tuberculosis in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

A recent update of the diagnostic methods for tuberculosis and their applicability in Indonesia: a narrative review

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