“…This dual and conflicting mission led to a decade of “oil and gas wars” in the state of Colorado during the 2010s as environmental groups battled the oil and gas industry about the regulation and practice of oil and gas drilling utilizing hydraulic fracturing in the state (Heikkila, Pierce, et al, 2014; Hutchins & Ray, 2017; Olofsson, 2022). This polarized policy debate in Colorado is consistent with research on policy debates about hydraulic fracturing in other states as well, such as in Pennsylvania (Daneri et al, 2021; Lonnquist & Gallagher, 2021) and New York (Heikkila, Weible, & Pierce, 2014; Pattison et al, 2022; Weible & Heikkila, 2016), as well as in other countries such as the United Kingdom (Stephan, 2020), Canada (Millar, 2020) and France (Moyson et al, 2022).…”