Use of fish embryo biomarkers for the evaluation of mazut toxicity in marine environment

Abstract

The risk of oil contamination, either through produced water discharges, accidents, or non-pointsources, has increased, and it is attributed with the negative impact on the Black Sea ecosystem, and especially in coastal waters. Coastal marine waters are known as the areas of fish and invertebrates spawning sites, including commercial species, which early developmental stages are highly sensitive to crude oil and its derivates. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of mazut at concentrations of 0.00001, 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, and 1 ml l-1 on the biomarker response in the developmental embryos (stages IV and V) of tubenose goby Proterorhinus marmoratus. We used the biomarkers of antioxidant enzyme activities, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (PER) and glutathione reductase (GR). The non-uniform response on mazut impact at tested concentrations on fish embryos was shown. The best biomarker was peroxidase activity, which was highly sensitive to oil pollution and reflected the response of the organism on stressful environment. The imbalance between tested antioxidant enzyme activities was clearer at low and high levels of mazut, and it was less in the case of medium values. The obtained results can be applied for the development of oil toxicity tests for monitoring management and for perspectives of conservation ecology.

Health parameters and antioxidant response in Black Sea whiting Merlangius merlangus euxinus (Nordmann, 1840) parasitized by nematode Hysterothylacium aduncum (Rud., 1802)

“…Thus we could propose that fish adapted to (Armstrong et al, 1993), immune response (Mikraykov & Silkina, 2006) and antioxidant activities (Dautremepuits et al, 2003). Antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes have been widely used as biomarkers of oxidative stress in fish and invertebrates that were exposed to xenobiotics in experimental conditions or inhabited polluted environment (Rudneva et al, 2012; Com. Sci., Bom Jesus, v.9, n.4, p.700-709, Oct./Dec.…”

“…Antioxidant activities in the liver extracts and red blood cells from the 3 species in this study were determined according to methods described previously (Rudneva et al, 2012;2014), with a few minor modifications. The number of enzyme activity determinations in healthy and infected fish RBC and liver was shown in Table 1.…”

Water physicochemical factors and oxidative stress physiology in fish, a review

“…Oil pollution in marine bodies, especially mazut exposure, generated oxidative stress in developing embryos of fish (Rudneva, 2022;Rudneva, 2023). Increased enzymatic activities for catalase, rhodanese, and glutathione S-transferase enzymes in the liver, muscles, and gills of Nile tilapia and Mullet fish collected from some crude oil-polluted rivers in Nigeria again implicated oxidative stress (George et al, 2023).…”

Response of marine microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Prorocentrum cordatum and Gyrodinium fissum to complex pollution of Sevastopol bays (Black Sea)

“…One of the directions in the evaluation of marine water quality is associated with the use of organisms representing different trophic levels. For the biotesting of marine waters, not only multicellular organisms, such as fish and their embryos are used (Rudneva 2019), but also representatives of the aquatic ecosystems' primary level, the microalgae (Dyatlov 2000;Torres et al 2008;Markina & Aizdaicher 2014;Chinedu et al 2019). The current utilization of that is not sufficient however and the number of the tested species is not great.…”