Use of Fatty Acid RPMI 1640 Media for Testing Susceptibilities of Eight
            <i>Malassezia</i>
            Species to the New Triazole Posaconazole and to Six Established Antifungal Agents by a Modified NCCLS M27-A2 Microdilution Method and Etest

Velegraki, Aristea; Alexopoulos, Evangelos C.; Kritikou, Stavroula; Gaitanis, Georgios

doi:10.1128/jcm.43.2.1014.2005

Cited by 36 publications

(92 citation statements)

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“…Our results exhibited that fluconazole has lower activity than another azole. This finding is consistent with that of Velegraki et al (26), who showed low activity of fluconazole for Malassezia strains. Prophylactic therapies using fluconazole can be led to frequent recurrence of Malassezia infections.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Inhibitory effect of plant essential oils on Malassezia strains from Iranian dermatitis patients

Naeini¹,

Nazeri²,

Shokri³

2017

J Herbmed Pharmacol

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The essential oils of C. cyminum, L. stoechas and A. sieberi showed promising antifungal effects against Malassezia strains from patients with Malassezia dermatitis as important fungal pathogens. Hence, these essential oils, especially C. cyminum, could be used to develop an effective therapy against skin infections caused by Malassezia strains.Please cite this paper as: Naeini AR, Nazeri M, Shokri H. Inhibitory effect of plant essential oils on Malassezia strains from Iranian dermatitis patients . J Herbmed Pharmacol. 2018;7(1):18-21. doi: 10.15171/jhp.2018.04. Introduction:The genus Malassezia is an important skin resident of human. The present study aimed to analyze in vitro activity of the essential oils of Lavandula stoechas, Cuminum cyminum and Artemisia sieberi against clinical strains of Malassezia species. Methods: A total of 47 Malassezia strains, including Malassezia furfur, Malassezia globosa and Malassezia obtuse, were used in this study. A disk diffusion technique was selected for testing the susceptibility of Malassezia strains to the essential oils. Results: All the essential oils showed in vitro activity against Malassezia strains, with M. furfur and M. obtusa being the highest and lowest susceptible of the strains, respectively. The highest antifungal activity was associated with the essential oil of C. cyminum (mean ± SD: 50.0 ± 0.0 mm), followed by L. stoechas (mean ± SD: 46.8 ± 3.1 mm) and A. sieberi (mean ± SD: 36.9 ± 5.7 mm). The inhibition zone ranges were 12.5 to 15.6 mm (mean ± SD: 14.4 ± 1.6 mm) for ketoconazole and 11.6 to 13.3 mm (mean ± SD: 12.4 ± 0.9 mm) for fluconazole. Although all the antifungal drugs were found to possess good antifungal activities against Malassezia strains, their effects were lower than the activities shown by the essential oils tested (P < 0.05). Conclusion: These results indicated that the essential oils tested, especially the one from C. cyminum, inhibited the growth of clinical strains of Malassezia, implying its potential use in the treatment of Malassezia infections. This indicates that this plant may be useful in preparation of new drugs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Inhibitory effect of plant essential oils on Malassezia strains from Iranian dermatitis patients

Naeini¹,

Nazeri²,

Shokri³

2017

J Herbmed Pharmacol

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“…The test readings were done by visual comparison. For Malassezia pachydermatis yeast, the method of microdilution in RPMI 1640 was used, supplemented with (per liter): 20g of glucose, 4g of ox bile, 1mL of glycerol, 0.5g of glycerol monostearate and 0.4mL of Tween 20 22 . The inoculum of the yeast was adjusted to obtain a 2.5 to 5 x 10 3 cells/mL.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition, toxicity and larvicidal and antifungal activities of Persea americana (avocado) seed extracts

Leite

Brito

Cordeiro

et al. 2009

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

128

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The present study had the aim of testing the hexane and methanol extracts of avocado seeds, in order to determine their toxicity towards Artemia salina, evaluate their larvicidal activity towards Aedes aegypti and investigate their in vitro antifungal potential against strains of Candida spp, Cryptococcus neoformans and Malassezia pachydermatis through the microdilution technique. In toxicity tests on Artemia salina, the hexane and methanol extracts from avocado seeds showed LC 50 values of 2.37 and 24.13mg mL -1 respectively. Against Aedes aegypti larvae, the LC 50 results obtained were 16.7mg mL -1 for hexane extract and 8.87mg mL -1 for methanol extract from avocado seeds. The extracts tested were also active against all the yeast strains tested in vitro, with differing results such that the minimum inhibitory concentration of the hexane extract ranged from 0.625 to 1.25mg L-1 , from 0.312 to 0.625mg mL -1 and from 0.031 to 0.625mg mL -1 , for the strains of Candida spp, Cryptococcus neoformans and Malassezia pachydermatis, respectively. The minimal inhibitory concentration for the methanol extract ranged from 0.125 to 0.625mg mL -1 , from 0.08 to 0.156mg mL -1 and from 0.312 to 0.625mg mL -1 , for the strains of Candida spp., Cryptococcus neoformans and Malassezia pachydermatis, respectively. Key-words: Avocado seeds. Artemia salina. Aedes aegypti. Yeasts. RESUMOO presente estudo teve como objetivo testar os extratos hexânico e metanólico das sementes do abacate, a fim de determinar sua toxicidade em Artemia salina, avaliar a atividade larvicida frente ao Aedes aegypti, bem como verificar o potencial antifúngico in vitro contra cepas de Candida spp, Cryptococcus neoformans e Malassezia pachydermatis, através da técnica de microdiluição. Os extratos hexânico e metanólico das sementes de abacate apresentaram no teste de toxicidade frente à Artemia salina, valores de LC 50 2,37 e 24,13mg L -1 , respectivamente; contra as larvas do Aedes aegypti os resultados obtidos foram LC 50 16,7mg L -1 para o extrato hexânico e 8,87mg L -1 para o extrato metanólico das sementes do abacate. Os extratos testados também foram ativos contra todas as cepas de leveduras, testadas in vitro, apresentando diferentes resultados, onde o MIC do extrato hexânico variou de 0,625 a 1,25mg mL -1 , de 0,312 a 0,625mg mL -1 e de 0,031 a 0,625mg mL -1 para as cepas de Candida spp., Cryptococcus neoformans e Malassezia pachydermatis, respectivamente. O intervalo de MIC para o extrato metanólico foi de 0,125 a 0,625mg mL -1 , 0,08 a 0,156mg mL -1 e de 0,312 a 0,625mg mL -1 , para as exemplares de Candida spp., Cryptococcus neoformans e Malassezia pachydermatis, respectivamente. Palavras-chaves: Sementes do abacate. Artemia salina. Aedes aegypti. Leveduras.Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae) is a plant from Central America (Mexico, Guatemala, Antilles), but it has shown easy adaptation to other tropical regions. Its fruits are commonly known as avocados and have an olive-green peel and thick pale yellow pulp that is rich in vegetable oils...

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“…Futhermore, recently three new species were included in this genus, namely M. dermatis, M. yamatoensis and M. nana (14,17,35,38). With the exception of M. pachidermatis, the remaining eight species have an absolute in vitro requirement for suplementation of long-chain fatty acids.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and pathogenicity of Malassezia species isolated from human healthy skin and with macules

Neves¹,

Magalhães²,

Silva³

et al. 2005

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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This study investigated the ocurrence of Malassezia species in clinically healthy students and with macules with a slight fawn discoloration and characterized the isolates as to the pathogenicity factors such as growth at 37ºC, lipase, phospholipase and protease detection. Clinical samples were collected from different body sites of one hundred students of different ages and both sexes. The samples, obtained by scrapping the skin surface and the scalp, were treated with potassa and cultured. Cultures were obtained in Petri dishes containing Sabouraud agar medium added of olive oil, incubated at room temperature and at 37ºC. Culture identifications were based in their morphological and physiological properties. Lipase, phospholipase and protease detection was performed in specific media on Petri dishes for formation of a zone. Globose, spherical yeast cells and hypha were investigated by direct microscopy of clinical materials. Malassezia furfur was detected in seven samples and M. sympodialis in four. All Malassezia cultures presented lipase activity, but none was phospholipase positive. Protease activity was observed in two M. furfur and two M. simpodialis isolates. Key words: Malassezia furfur, M. simpodialis, pathogenicityMalassezia is a lipophilic yeast frequently found in normal human skin. Current evidence indicates a high rate of skin colonization in healthy adults, in contrast with the low rate of colonization in prepubertal children (20).Gueho et al. (11) (14,17,35,38). With the exception of M. pachidermatis, the remaining eight species have an absolute in vitro requirement for suplementation of long-chain fatty acids. Based on studies conducted within the last 5 years, it appears that the most frequently organism associated with pityriasis versicolor may not be M. furfur and possible candidates include M. globosa (2,27) and M. sympodialis (15). The genus Malassezia was recently revised, but the clinical significance of each of these species is not clearly understood (15).Pityriasis versicolor (tinea versicolor) is a superficial fungal infection of the skin, appearing most commonly on the upper trunk, as well as on the upper arms, neck and face. As suggested by its name, pityriasis versicolor may be manifested in different colours, ranging from pink or to dark brown or even black. The lesions have a characteristic flaking appearance, although in larger lesions this can be evident only at the border of the macule, and can be hypopigmented or hyperpigmented. Generally, the lesions take the form of round or oval macules or papules, although in advanced cases the lesions may become confluent (13,21,33).

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Use of Fatty Acid RPMI 1640 Media for Testing Susceptibilities of Eight Malassezia Species to the New Triazole Posaconazole and to Six Established Antifungal Agents by a Modified NCCLS M27-A2 Microdilution Method and Etest

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Inhibitory effect of plant essential oils on Malassezia strains from Iranian dermatitis patients

Inhibitory effect of plant essential oils on Malassezia strains from Iranian dermatitis patients

Chemical composition, toxicity and larvicidal and antifungal activities of Persea americana (avocado) seed extracts

Identification and pathogenicity of Malassezia species isolated from human healthy skin and with macules

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