Use of Fatty Acid Chemical Composition for Predicting Higher Calorific Value of Biodiesel

Pawar, Sumod; Hole, Jitendra A.; Bankar, Mangesh; Khan, Subim; Wankhade, Sagar

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2023.01.375

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…HHV refers to the energy released during the complete burning of fuel, assuming that all vapor produced in the combustion is condensed and heat is recovered [70,71,77]. In biomass, HHV varies according to species, moisture content, density, age, and other characteristics [78][79][80][81][82]. The authors used seven equations based on proximate analysis to estimate the HHV of the biomasses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Fuel Properties of the Seed Shell of the Neem Plant (Azadirachta indica)

Neto,

Melo Neta,

Sousa

et al. 2023

Processes

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The energetic potential of the seed shell of the Neem plant (Azadirachta indica) was investigated using proximate analysis, Higher Heating Value (HHV), thermal analysis (TG-DTG and DSC) in inert and oxidative atmospheres, and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The results of ash (3.80% ± 0.44), volatile matter (81.76% ± 1.30), fixed carbon (14.44% ± 1.74), and estimated HHV (18.791 MJ/kg: average value) are compatible with other biomasses already used as fuels in the bioenergy industry. Thermograms showed three main degradation events in synthetic air and two in nitrogen, attributed to the moisture, release of volatile materials, and decomposition of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. The elements positively detected by the XRF were Ca, K, S, P, Fe, Ti, Zn, Rb, and Sr.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Fuel Properties of the Seed Shell of the Neem Plant (Azadirachta indica)

Neto,

Melo Neta,

Sousa

et al. 2023

Processes

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“…The magnitude of the calorific value in biodiesel is inversely proportional to density, meaning larger density leads to lower calorific value. The combustion calorific value is a figure representing the amount of heat generated during the combustion process of a specific quantity of biodiesel with air or oxygen through reduction-oxidation [56]. This research tested the best samples obtained based on viscosity and flash point only to determine the calorific values using a bomb calorimeter (ASTM-K88890) [29], and the test results can be seen in Table 3.…”

Section: Calorific Value Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other factors, such as temperature and reaction time, affected the calorific value of the biodiesel, as higher levels of both parameters led to greater calorific value [56], which was related to reaction mechanisms. However, under optimum conditions with the interaction between variables, biodiesel possessing the highest calorific value was produced at 55 • C and 60 min.…”

Section: Calorific Value Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Molar ratio of DMC and catalyst ratio significantly influenced cetane number obtained. The cetane number of biodiesels is associated with the composition of saturated fatty acid, including 23-carbon chains such as lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, and arachidic acids, among other types, which generally tend to have high values [56]. Additionally, it is related to the calorific value of the fuel required to operate an engine efficiently [60].…”

Section: Cetane Number Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of Biodiesel Produced from Crude Palm Oil through Non-Alcohol Synthesis Route Using Dimethyl Carbonate and Immobilized Eco-Enzyme Catalyst

Balfas,

Muhammad Syam,

Muhammad

et al. 2024

Energies

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Biodiesel, an alternative to traditional diesel, is essential for the sustainability of long-term energy supplies and often synthesized through a non-alcoholic route called interesterification. The described synthesis method facilitates the modification of oil and fat by exchanging acyl radical groups between triglyceride and alcoholic acid (alcoholysis), fat (acidolysis), or ester (transesterification). Therefore, this research aimed to determine the effect of the reactant ratio between crude palm oil (CPO) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC), along with the use of an eco-enzyme catalyst, on biodiesel characteristics. The CPO:DMC ratio was 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5, and 1:3, while the immobilized eco-enzyme catalyst was 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, and 6% of CPO mass. The results showed that interesterification with a 1:3 reactant ratio using a 4%wt catalyst was the best procedure, producing biodiesel yield of 73.65%, density of 0.860 g/mL, viscosity of 4.63 mm2/s (cSt), flash point of 113 °C, calorific value of 34.454 MJ/kg, and cetane number of 70.6%.

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“…1 Accordingly, the cetane number, the kinematic viscosity, density, and a higher heating value have been predicted by empirical equations using the molecular weight and the number of double bonds in a molecule. 11,12 Such an approach has also been utilized for evaluation of the iodine value of the biofuel. Artificial intelligence (AI) is an advanced tool that can be used for the evaluation and optimization of complicated parameters in the basic sciences and industrial applications.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine Learning for Characterizing Biofuels Based on Femtosecond Laser Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Imasaka,

Yoshinaga,

Imasaka

2024

Anal. Chem.

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A sample mixture of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) was measured by femtosecond laser ionization mass spectrometry (fsLIMS) using the fifth (206 nm) and fourth (257 nm) harmonic emissions of an ytterbium (Yb) laser (1030 nm). Molecular ions were observed as the major signals in this technique, providing valuable information concerning the molecular weight and the number of double bonds in the molecule. The mass spectral data were then used as explanatory variables in machine learning based on artificial intelligence (AI) to correlate with objective variables such as the cetane number, kinematic viscosity, specific gravity, a higher heating value, an iodine value, flash point, oxidative stability index, and a cloud point measured for reference biofuel samples containing various FAMEs. The properties of biofuels, i.e., the objective variables, were evaluated from the mass spectral data obtained for unknown samples. The errors in the evaluation were a few percent when the distribution of the FAMEs in the unknown biofuel sample was similar to those of the biofuels used for machine learning. As demonstrated herein, the present approach, involving a combination of fsLIMS and AI, has the potential for use in evaluating the properties of a biofuel and then in solving of environmental issues associated with global warming.

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Use of Fatty Acid Chemical Composition for Predicting Higher Calorific Value of Biodiesel

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Analysis of the Fuel Properties of the Seed Shell of the Neem Plant (Azadirachta indica)

Analysis of the Fuel Properties of the Seed Shell of the Neem Plant (Azadirachta indica)

Characteristics of Biodiesel Produced from Crude Palm Oil through Non-Alcohol Synthesis Route Using Dimethyl Carbonate and Immobilized Eco-Enzyme Catalyst

Machine Learning for Characterizing Biofuels Based on Femtosecond Laser Ionization Mass Spectrometry

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