Use of Crape Myrtle,<i>Lagerstroemia</i>(Myrtales: Lythraceae), Cultivars as a Pollen Source by Native and Non-Native Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Quincy, Florida

Riddle, T. Charles; Mizell, Russell F.

doi:10.1653/024.099.0108

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Interestingly, although crape myrtle pollen has been previously found in honey from a few states [81], its presence in honey is likely a spillover effect resulting from “cross-contamination” from pollen foragers, given that this plant lacks nectaries and thus, it is not a source of nectar for bees. Crape myrtle has been documented as a pollen source for native and non-native bees in other studies [82–85]. In fact, crape myrtle may be undervalued for its contributions to honey bee nutrition in the late summer months, a period when colonies can experience severe resource dearth [86].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation of pollen collected by honey bees (Apis mellifera) in developed areas across four regions in the United States

et al. 2019

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For honey bees ( Apis mellifera ), colony maintenance and growth are highly dependent on worker foragers obtaining sufficient resources from flowering plants year round. Despite the importance of floral diversity for proper bee nutrition, urban development has drastically altered resource availability and diversity for these important pollinators. Therefore, understanding the floral resources foraged by bees in urbanized areas is key to identifying and promoting plants that enhance colony health in those environments. In this study, we identified the pollen foraged by bees in four developed areas of the U.S., and explored whether there were spatial or temporal differences in the types of floral sources of pollen used by honey bees in these landscapes. To do this, pollen was collected every month for up to one year from colonies located in developed (urban and suburban) sites in California, Texas, Florida, and Michigan, except during months of pollen dearth or winter. Homogenized pollen samples were acetolyzed and identified microscopically to the lowest taxonomic level possible. Once identified, each pollen type was classified into a frequency category based on its overall relative abundance. Species richness and diversity indices were also calculated and compared across states and seasons. We identified up to 64 pollen types belonging to 39 plant families in one season (California). Species richness was highest in CA and lowest in TX, and was highest during spring in every state. In particular, “predominant” and “secondary” pollen types belonged to the families Arecaceae, Sapindaceae, Anacardiaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Fagaceae, Lythraceae, Myrtaceae, Rhamnaceae, Rosaceae, Rutaceae, Saliaceae, and Ulmaceae. This study will help broaden our understanding of honey bee foraging ecology and nutrition in urban environments, and will help promote the use of plants that serve the dual purpose of providing aesthetic value and nutritious forage for honey bee colonies placed in developed landscapes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation of pollen collected by honey bees (Apis mellifera) in developed areas across four regions in the United States

et al. 2019

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“…Commercial insecticides are sometimes utilized to minimize CMBS infestations [ 37 , 38 ]. However, since they flower from late spring to early fall when few other resources are available [ 39 , 40 ], crapemyrtles are a good pollen source for pollinators, and are vital in ecosystem services benefiting humankind [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. Consequently, insecticide applications on crapemyrtles to control this pest could severely affect the pollinators [ 45 , 46 , 47 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host Suitability for Crapemyrtle Bark Scale (Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae) Differed Significantly among Crapemyrtle Species

Xie

Knox

et al. 2020

Insects

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Crapemyrtle bark scale (CMBS, Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae), an invasive polyphagous sap-sucking hemipteran, has spread across 14 states of the United States since 2004. The infestation of CMBS has negatively impacted the flowering of ornamental plants and even the fruiting of some crops. Host identification is critical for determining potential risks in ecosystems and industries and helps develop strategic management. A host confirmation test was performed over 25 weeks using six Lagerstroemia species (L. caudata, L. fauriei ‘Kiowa’, L. indica ‘Dynamite’, L. limii, L. speciosa, and L. subcostata) and California loosestrife (Lythrum californicum). The 25-week observations confirmed all tested plants as the hosts. The repeated measures of analysis of variance (ANOVA; Tukey’s HSD, α = 0.05) indicated that the average number of CMBS females differed significantly between L. limii and L. speciosa. The highest number of the females observed on L. limii was 576 ± 25 (mean ± SE) at 17 weeks after inoculation (WAI), while the highest number was 57 ± 15 on L. speciosa at 19 WAI. In addition, L. subcostata and L. speciosa had significantly high and low numbers of males, respectively, among the Lagerstroemia species. Our results suggest that L. speciosa could be incorporated in developing new cultivars with low CMBS suitability.

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“…Before the arrival of A. lagerstroemiae, crapemyrtles were valued as an ornamental with low pest problems (Knox 2003;Chappell et al 2012). Current management of A. lagerstroemiae relies on insecticides such as imidacloprid, cypermethrin, and dinotefuran both in China (He et al 2008;Zhang 2011) and the US (Gu et al 2014;, though most of these chemicals have been prohibited on bee-attractive plants including crapemyrtle (Riddle & Mizell 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature-Dependent Development and Host Range of Crapemyrtle Bark Scale, Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae)

Wang

Chen

Díaz

2019

Florida Entomologist

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The crapemyrtle bark scale, Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae), is an invasive pest of crapemyrtles, Lagerstroemia spp. L. (Lythraceae) in the southeastern USA. Information about its temperature-dependent development and host range is limited. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of temperature on the immature development of A. lagerstroemiae, and to determine plant species suitable for immature development and reproduction. Developmental time and survival of eggs were evaluated at 7 constant temperatures from 17.5 to 32 °C, and of nymphs at 20, 25, and 30 °C. Results suggested that 27.5 °C was the optimum temperature for egg hatching with the shortest time (10 d) and the highest hatching rate (95%). The developmental time for A. lagerstroemiae from nymph to prepupa and gravid female was 56 d and 68 d at 30 °C, respectively. Five plant species besides crapemyrtle (Lagerstroemia indica × fauriei L.) were able to support the immature development and reproduction of A. lagerstroemiae under no-choice conditions, including Lawsonia inermis L., Heimia salicifolia Link, Punica granatum L., Lythrum alatum Pursh (all Lythraceae), and Callicarpa americana L. (Lamiaceae). At wk 12 from inoculation, the density of gravid females was 482 ± 92 (mean ± standard error) on L. indica × fauriei, 200 ± 70 on C. americana, and < 150 on other species. Using data from developmental time and host range, integrated pest management (IPM) practitioners can implement preventive strategies for A. lagerstroemiae.

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Use of Crape Myrtle,Lagerstroemia(Myrtales: Lythraceae), Cultivars as a Pollen Source by Native and Non-Native Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Quincy, Florida

Cited by 22 publications

References 80 publications

Seasonal variation of pollen collected by honey bees (Apis mellifera) in developed areas across four regions in the United States

Seasonal variation of pollen collected by honey bees (Apis mellifera) in developed areas across four regions in the United States

Host Suitability for Crapemyrtle Bark Scale (Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae) Differed Significantly among Crapemyrtle Species

Temperature-Dependent Development and Host Range of Crapemyrtle Bark Scale, Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae)

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