Use of cool materials and other bioclimatic interventions in outdoor places in order to mitigate the urban heat island in a medium size city in Greece

Dimoudi, A.; Zoras, Stamatis; Kantzioura, A.; Stogiannou, X.; Kosmopoulos, Panagiotis; Pallas, Christos

doi:10.1016/j.scs.2014.04.003

Cited by 86 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Nevertheless, and as identified by numerous studies [22,24,34,35], the scientific community has already recognized a weakness in the studies that examine local approaches to human thermal comfort thresholds within Mediterranean climates. Similarly, the number of studies that consider the important effects (and possible mitigation efforts) of urban heat islands (UHI) upon local thermal conditions (including for Mediterranean climates) have also grown within the international scientific community (e.g., [36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Singular Climatic Variables—Identifying the Dynamics of Wholesome Thermo-Physiological Factors for Existing/Future Human Thermal Comfort during Hot Dry Mediterranean Summers

Nouri

Charalampopoulos

Matzarakis

2018

IJERPH

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Centered on hot dry Mediterranean summer climates, this study assesses the climatic data that was extracted from Lisbon’s meteorological station between the years of 2012 and 2016. Focused on the summer period, existing outdoor human thermal comfort levels that are already prone to extreme heat stress thresholds were evaluated. Such an assessment was rooted around identifying the relationship and discrepancies between singular climatic variables (e.g., air Temperature (Ta)); and adapted thermos-physiological indices (e.g., the modified physiologically equivalent temperature (mPET)), which also consider the influence of radiation fluxes over the human body. In addition, default urban canyon case studies (UCCs) were utilized to supplement how both differ and influence one another, especially under extreme weather conditions including heat waves events (HWE), and very hot days (VHD). Through the use of wholesome thermo-physiological indices, the study revealed that while human health and thermal comfort is already prone to extreme physiological stress (PS) grades during one of the hottest months of the year, the current extremes could be drastically surpassed by the end of the century. Within the examined UCCs, it was identified that the projected PET could reach values of 58.3 °C under a projected climate change RCP8.5/SRES A1FI scenario. Similarly, and in terms of thermo-physiological stress loads, the following could happen: (i) a future “cooler summer day” could present similar conditions to those currently found during a ‘typical summer day; (ii) a future ‘typical summer day’ could present hourly physiological equivalent temperature load (PETL) that recurrently surpassed those currently found during a “very hot day”; and, (iii) a future “very hot day” could reveal severe hourly PETL values that reached 35.1 units beyond the established “no thermal stress” class.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Singular Climatic Variables—Identifying the Dynamics of Wholesome Thermo-Physiological Factors for Existing/Future Human Thermal Comfort during Hot Dry Mediterranean Summers

Nouri

Charalampopoulos

Matzarakis

2018

IJERPH

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“…Studies have used different tools and techniques including in-situ measurement and monitoring (Borbora & Das, 2014;Busato et al, 2014), CFD simulaition in combination with in-situ measurement (Dimoudi et al, 2014;Georgakis et al, 2014), and artificial neural network either in combination or independent from fuzzy logic (Gobakis et al, 2011;Mihalakakou et al, 2002;Santamouris et al, 1999), simulation (Tsilini et al, 2015) as UHI mitigation measures, they can be associated with UHI effects since they aim to improve the health and well-being by offering the benefits of mitigation of UHI effects.…”

Section: Assessment Methodologies and Mitigation Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High albedo materials in building design and shading of urban areas by trees or man-made structures (Takebayashi & Moriyama, 2012), cool materials for street and pavement covers (Dimoudi et al, 2014), green spaces at city scale such as parks and open fields (Rydin et al, 2012;Santamouris, 2014), presence of urban water bodies such as rivers and lakes within a city (Kleerekoper et al, 2012), and harnessing natural wind (Smith & Levermore, 2008) are other measures or strategies to mitigate UHI effects. However, "to appropriately select a UHI measures technology, the relationship between the environment where the technology has been introduced and the effect of introducing this technology must be studied" (Takebayashi et al, 2014, p. 217).…”

Section: Assessment Methodologies and Mitigation Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Heat Island (UHI) mitigating strategies: A case-based comparative analysis

O’Malley¹,

Piroozfar

Farr

et al. 2015

Sustainable Cities and Society

203

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Urbanisation may have been shown to have no effect on climate change, but some researchers suggest that cities are fully capable of responding to it. Urban Heat Islands (UHIs) represent dense urban areas within cities where the temperature is recorded to be higher than the neighbouring areas or those located in suburbia. Mitigation of UHI effects can help diminish detriments of climate change. This paper sets out to establish UHI mitigation strategies, their effectiveness and resilience to help provide recommendations for application of such strategies in future. Existing literature suggest that UK is facing with growing problem of UHI effects and sustainable development at urban scale can be improved if proportionate measures are taken to mitigate those effects. The lack of guidance for designers and planners with regards to UHI mitigation is also indicated in the literature where trees, shrubs and grass (TSG), use of high albedo materials (HAM) in external building surfaces and urban inland water bodies (UIWB) are identified as effective measures to mitigate UHI. This research identifies and tests resilience and effectiveness of UHI mitigation strategies, using ENVI-met simulations and through Urban Futures Assessment Method (UFAM).Assessed mitigation strategies (TSG, HAM, UIWB) are shown to have a similar level of resilience which could be improved if proper future-proof measures are taken in place. As a result, some practical suggestions are provided to help improve the resilience of tested UHI mitigation strategies in this study.

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“…Gago et al [5] established as urban planning strategies, contemplating the increase of green spaces, increasing the albedo of the buildings, and greater concern for pavement surfaces. Dimoudi et al [6], in their study in Greece, found that the materials used in street paving, sidewalks and urban spaces, and the surfaces of buildings [external vertical seals (facades) and horizontal (flat roofs)] are the "skin" of a city. These materials play a decisive role in the heat transfer processes that takes place between the city and the environment.…”

Section: O Fenômeno Do Aquecimento Das Cidades a Patamares De Temperamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the thermal performance of different cold materials for urban paving

et al. 2017

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The phenomenon of the warming of cities at high temperature levels, the so-called "heat island", has been studied around the world. Apart from generating thermal discomfort, this urban phenomenon has been causing an increase in the demand for energy for cooling the environments. In response to the environmental impact generated by this phenomenon, researchers from different nations have developed techniques for warming mitigation, developing new materials, technologies, and constructive systems. In this context, urban paving is responsible for a significant contribution to the occurrence of heat islands in cities. The use of pavements called "cold materials", which help to lower the surface temperature, constitutes an important solution to mitigate the effects of the heat flow in cities and the planet. Thus, the purpose of this study was to develop, test and evaluate new cold materials for use in paving. Such cold materials proved to present better thermal performance than conventional ones, such as asphalt and reference concrete (commercial paver). In fact, this work showed that the composition with 90% concrete+10% talc can be considered cold material, with energy savings of up to 16% in comparison to asphalt.

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Use of cool materials and other bioclimatic interventions in outdoor places in order to mitigate the urban heat island in a medium size city in Greece

Cited by 86 publications

References 26 publications

Beyond Singular Climatic Variables—Identifying the Dynamics of Wholesome Thermo-Physiological Factors for Existing/Future Human Thermal Comfort during Hot Dry Mediterranean Summers

Beyond Singular Climatic Variables—Identifying the Dynamics of Wholesome Thermo-Physiological Factors for Existing/Future Human Thermal Comfort during Hot Dry Mediterranean Summers

Urban Heat Island (UHI) mitigating strategies: A case-based comparative analysis

Evaluation of the thermal performance of different cold materials for urban paving

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