Use of control-engineering principles in chemical analysis

Amperometric, bipotentiometric, and coulometric titrations

“…Diaphragmless titration cells have been developed to eliminate errors in coulometric acid-base titration (25,75). Controlengineering principles have been applied to the performance of very rapid coulometric titrations (92). Automatic coulometric titrators that seek a predetermined equivalence point (228), a zero value of 2 /AU2 (290), are under microprocessor control (88), and that allow computer compatible coulometric 0003-27 00/78/03 50-001RS01.00/0 and other titrations (130) have been described.…”

On-line computers in classical chemical analyse

“…From industrial process control, it is known that much can be gained by the use of more elaborate controllers: i.e., with proportional, differential and integrating action. Eelderink et al [5] have shown this for pH set-point coulometric titrations, which they were able" to carry out in 12 s. These kinds of control actions can also be generated by software, and this is in fact common practice in industrial process control. Pomemacki and Harrar [S] showed the success of this approach for the control of electrode potential in controlled-potential electrolysis.…”