Use of concrete formulations based on dredging sand in the fabrication of tetrapods for protection of harbour dykes

Abstract

Port structures (quays and dykes) need an enormous consumption of materials, in particular concrete and its components, as well as sand, hence the need to develop alternative solutions using port dredging sand, estimated at thousands of tonnes through its use in the concrete that forms the blocks of the quay walls. After having demonstrated in a previous work the possibility of using the dredged sand from the port of Agadir in concrete formulations, the present work consists in showing the possibility of using the dredged sand from the port of Agadir in concrete formulations that can be used in the construction of concrete tetrapods from a concrete formulation based on dredged sand, more precisely 50% of the sand entering in the formulation is dredged sand extracted from the port of Agadir. The eventual use of dredged sand in the concrete of the tetrapods will lead to enormous gains in the quantities of sand and thus to a lower consumption of construction materials, and will also play a more important role in the preservation of the marine environment by avoiding the trapping of the dredged materials.

Study of the Use of Dredged Sand as An Alternative to Beach Sand and Coastal Dunes for Coastal Preservation

“…The more or less fine character of sand can be quantified by calculating the fineness modulus Mf. This corresponds to the sum of the percentages of cumulative refusals, reduced to unity, for sieves of modules 23,26,29,32,35,38. This parameter is used in particular to characterize the fineness of concrete sands, the lower its fineness modulus, the richer it is in fine elements.…”

“…On the one hand, similar studies have shown the possibility of incorporating marine sediments into concrete without significantly affecting the properties of the concrete, which makes it possible to reduce the carbon footprint and the cost of concrete [17][18][19][20][21][22]. On the other hand, Hassoune et al [23] showed the interest of using concrete formulations based on dredged sand in the manufacture of tetrapods for the protection of harbor breakwaters. The study comes to confirm similar studies, to detail the formulations for Moroccan materials and to encourage manufacturers to use dredged sand in the manufacture of concrete.…”

Study of the use of dredged sand as an alternative to beach sand and coastal dunes for coastal preservation

“…The more or less ne character of a sand can be quanti ed by calculating the neness modulus Mf. This corresponds to the sum of the percentages of cumulative refusals, reduced to unity, for sieves of modules 23,26,29,32,35,38. This parameter is used in particular to characterize the neness of concrete sands, the lower its neness modulus, the richer it is in ne elements.…”

“…Concrete samples based on nine formulations are tested to study the effect of incorporating dredged sand on slump, hydration, and compressive strength. On the one hand, similar studies have shown the possibility of incorporating marine sediments into concrete without signi cantly affecting the properties of the concrete, which makes it possible to reduce the carbon footprint and the cost of concrete [17][18][19][20][21][22].On the other hand Hassoune et al [23] showed the interest of using concrete formulations based on dredged sand in the manufacture of tetrapods for the protection of harbor breakwaters. The study comes to con rm similar studies, to detail the formulations for Moroccan materials and to encourage manufacturers to use dredged sand in the manufacture of concrete.…”