Use of computerized pattern recognition in the study of the cuticular hydrocarbons of imported fire ants

Brill, Jeffrey H.; Mayfield, Howard T.; Mar, T.; Bertsch, W.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(00)90629-0

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This was supported by the pharmacology since on retest, some compounds moved between groups 0 and 1 or 2 and 3, but rarely from (0,1) to(2,3) or vice versa.…”

mentioning

confidence: 73%

“…A comparison of the performance of discriminant analysis and other analytical techniques on the characterization of two species of ants by gas chromatography was reported by Brill and co-workers [3]. Samples of two species of fire ants, Solenopsis invicta and S. richteri, were prepared using a dynamic headspace analysis procedure.…”

Section: Discriminant Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonlinear map of two species of fire ant, Solenopsis invicta (♦) and Solenopsis richteri ( ), described by three GC peaks (reproduced from ref [3]. with permission of Elsevier).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Supervised Learning

Livingstone

2009

A Practical Guide to Scientific Data Analysis

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“…This was supported by the pharmacology since on retest, some compounds moved between groups 0 and 1 or 2 and 3, but rarely from (0,1) to(2,3) or vice versa.…”

mentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Discriminant Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supervised Learning

Livingstone

2009

A Practical Guide to Scientific Data Analysis

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“…Column temperature as an operating parameter in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been neglected, as noted in the review by Henderson and O'Connor [l]; in spite of the statement "chromatographic separation is generally enhanced as the temperature is lowered, because intramolecular interactions become more effective" [2]. [21] obtained increased resolu-tion of enantiomers of (+)-(6,7-dichloro-2,3-dihydro-Z-methyl-l-0x0-2-phenyl-1 H-inden-5-y1)oxyacetic acid by decreasing temperatures of the column.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Headspace analysis of small biological samples. Cuticular hydrocarbons from different body regions of ants, as an example

Brill

Bertsch

1986

J. High Resol. Chromatogr.

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The four species of ants examined were Formica schaufussi dolosa, Camponotus sayi, Solenopsis richteri, and S. invicta. Figure 1 shows the GC profiles of the volatiles from the four species. Cursory examination suggests that the chromatographic features are quite different from one another, although chromatograms A and B, and chromatograms C and D do show some similiarities to each other. This is probably because species Aand B belong to the same subfamily of ants, namely the Formicinae, whereas species C and D (the imported fire ants) belong to a different subfamily, the Myrmicinae.A critical requirement for carrying out such chromatographic profiling is the degree of reproducibilitywhich can be obtained in repetitive analyses. To be useful for insect taxonomy, variations among the profiles of the same species (or class) must be significantly smaller than differences between insects belonging to different categories. The analysis pro'cedure was repeated a number of times with specimens from these four species of ants. The differences in the profiles were found to be consistent and reproducible.Another variable worthy of consideration is the temperature at which desorption takes place. The lower limit is set by the minimum temperature necessary to transfer the volatiles of interest within a reasonable period of time from the specimen to the column. If the temperature is too high, pyrolysis and other undesirable reactions occur. In practice, neither heating rate nor desorption temperature are very critical, and optimization is usually not required [4]. Since the method is rapid, it permits the collection of large data sets which can be stored on computer, thereby establishing a reference library. In addition to visual inspection, the data can then be examined by various multivariate data analysis procedures, such as pattern recognition, to establish discriminant functions or mathematical models which can distinguish between the various categories in the data set [2,6,7]. It should be noted that the method described issuitable for the examination of very small insects or even part(s) of an insect. An example of an application involving the distribution of cuticular hydrocarbons on various body regions of single insects will be presented in a forthcoming communication [8].

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“…It is difficult to distinguish between the black and red imported fire ant using various morphological characters. However, an examination of the venoms or the cuticular hydrocarbons shows clear differences between these twospecies [1,2].Thiscommunication describesa relatively rapid method of profiling the volatiles of insects using dynamic headspace analysislcapillary GC. As an example of its application in chemotaxonomy, the GC profiles of the volatiles of four species of ants are compared.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%