Use of Computer Graphics and Cluster Analysis in Aiding Relational Judgment

Liu, Yili

doi:10.1177/154193128903300524

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(13 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Studies have shown stereo viewing to be a powerful technique for displaying depth information [McAllister 1993;Wickens et al 1989], and stereo viewing has been used as a control condition, or baseline, for studying other 3D display techniques ]. Many studies do indicate the benefits of stereoscopic viewing in perceiving, recognizing, grasping, and/or understanding object shapes [Brown and Gallimore 1995;Hubona et al 1997;McWhorter et al 1991;Sollenberger and Milgram 1993;Ware and Franck 1996;Zhai et al 1996], although some of the studies do not support the superiority of stereopsis [Gallimore and Brown 1993] as a depth cue, while others suggest that these benefits are task specific [Liu and Wickens 1992;Wickens et al 1994]. However, stereopsis does provide depth cues about object shape that are absent without stereopsis.…”

Section: Dominant Depth Cuesmentioning

confidence: 91%

The relative contributions of stereo, lighting, and background scenes in promoting 3D depth visualization

Hubona

Wheeler²,

Shirah

et al. 1999

ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact.

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

More powerful contemporary computer hardware has enabled the development and exploration of a wide variety of techniques to depict spatial characteristics of computer-generated objects in three-dimensional (3D) space. Particularly, the role of stereoscopic viewing and the use of object motion to reflect the position and size of objects in 3D space have been extensively studied. However, the effective use of computer-rendered object shadows to provide spatial information about the relative position and size of objects in virtual space has not. Subjects perform two tasks with 3D geometric patterns of objects presented on a computer screen: (1) positioning the object to complete a symmetrical geometric figure and (2) resizing the object to match the size of other objects. Performance accuracy and speed are recorded under the following conditions: (1) objects casting shadows on and off, (2) shadows from one or two light sources (nested within the shadows-on condition), (3) stereoscopic and monoscopic viewing, and (4) different scene backgrounds: flat plane (i.e., floor), "stair-step" floor with no walls, and floor with walls (i.e., room). The use of object shadows as depth cues enhances the accuracy (but not the speed) of object positioning, but does not enhance either the accuracy or the speed of object resizing. Moreover, the object shadows are not as effective as stereoscopic viewing in facilitating both positioning-task and resizing-task performances. Furthermore, task performances degrade with the stair-step scene background and when the number of shadowing light sources increases from one to two.

show abstract

Section: Dominant Depth Cuesmentioning

confidence: 91%

The relative contributions of stereo, lighting, and background scenes in promoting 3D depth visualization

Hubona

Wheeler²,

Shirah

et al. 1999

ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact.

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The data here are somewhat mixed. On one hand, Liu and Wickens (1992) found that a mesh surface connecting data points in 3D space did support subjects' ability to identify clusters in a relational database. On the other hand, Wickens and Todd (1990) failed to find a similar 3D benefit to information integration of a surface that connected four data points in a 3D database.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Implications of Graphics Enhancements for the Visualization of Scientific Data: Dimensional Integrality, Stereopsis, Motion, and Mesh

1994

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study examines the effectiveness of four techniques to assist scientists in evaluating multidimensional data. Subjects viewed a series of complex 3D data sets, each representing an underlying complex surface, from which a set of discrete points or observations were sampled. From each sample they answered questions that required focus of attention on certain data points or integration across varying numbers of data points and dimensions. After a number of samples were viewed from each surface, subjects were tested for their retention of the surface characteristics. In Experiment 1, 3D (perspective) representations were found to support superior performance to 2D (planar) representations, but only for more integrative questions. Animated motion provided no benefits. In Experiment 2, stereoptic views of a 3D display were also found to support performance, particularly for integrative questions, but the ability to rotate the data space (motion parallax) and the presence of a mesh surface connecting the points did not. The posttests revealed some evidence that 3D representations improved the ability to visualize the surface, but neither 3D renderings nor stereopsis led to a better abstract representation of the data.

show abstract

“…This could be because occlusion as a visual cue is strengthened when contours are enhanced, which, in turn, provides a strong clue about the relative location of the cylindrical tubes even in the absence of other cues, whereas stereopsis alone may not provide much information about the depth when the visual scene is featureless. In fact, the benefits of stereopsis have been shown to be task dependent [Tendick et al 1997;Thomas et al 2005;Liu and Wickens 1992]. In Kersten-Oertel et al [2014], for instance, stereopsis was shown to have no benefit in perceiving relative depth.…”

Section: Depth Perception Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Visual Enhancement of MR Angiography Images to Facilitate Planning of Arteriovenous Malformation Interventions

Abhari

Baxter

Khan

et al. 2015

ACM Trans. Appl. Percept.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The primary purpose of medical image visualization is to improve patient outcomes by facilitating the inspection, analysis, and interpretation of patient data. This is only possible if the users' perceptual and cognitive limitations are taken into account during every step of design, implementation, and evaluation of interactive displays. Visualization of medical images, if executed effectively and efficiently, can empower physicians to explore patient data rapidly and accurately with minimal cognitive effort. This article describes a specific case study in biomedical visualization system design and evaluation, which is the visualization of MR angiography images for planning arteriovenous malformation (AVM) interventions. The success of an AVM intervention greatly depends on the surgeon gaining a full understanding of the anatomy of the malformation and its surrounding structures. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to investigate the usability of visualization modalities involving contour enhancement and stereopsis in the identification and localization of vascular structures using objective user studies. Our preliminary results indicate that contour enhancement, particularly when combined with stereopsis, results in improved performance enhancement of the perception of connectivity and relative depth between different structures. . 2015. Visual enhancement of MR angiography images to facilitate planning of arteriovenous malformation interventions. ACM Trans. Appl.

show abstract

Use of Computer Graphics and Cluster Analysis in Aiding Relational Judgment

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

The relative contributions of stereo, lighting, and background scenes in promoting 3D depth visualization

The relative contributions of stereo, lighting, and background scenes in promoting 3D depth visualization

Implications of Graphics Enhancements for the Visualization of Scientific Data: Dimensional Integrality, Stereopsis, Motion, and Mesh

Visual Enhancement of MR Angiography Images to Facilitate Planning of Arteriovenous Malformation Interventions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About