Use Of Cold Seawater For Air Conditioning

Syed, Miswar Akhtar; Nihous, Gérard C.; Vega, Luis A.

doi:10.1109/oceans.1991.613906

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…(iii) Hydrocarbons can also be used; however, they have the disadvantage of being flammable [44]. On the other hand, the pressure of the fluid used strongly affects the system's size, as a higher pressure decreases the size of both the turbine and the heat exchangers; in turn, the wall thickness must increase [45].…”

Section: Hybrid Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion and Other Uses of Deep Sea Water: A Review

Herrera

Sierra

Ibeas

2021

JMSE

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Research into renewable energy is an active field of research, with photovoltaic and wind being the most representative technologies. A promising renewable energy source is Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC), based on the temperature gradient of seawater. This technology has two contradictory features, as its efficiency is relatively low while, on the other hand, its energy source is almost unlimited. OTEC research has focused on optimizing energy extraction, with different techniques having been used for this purpose. This article presents a review of the advances and applications of OTEC technology around the world. Throughout the document, the different uses of deep seawater are analyzed; further, the current systems which generate energy through the marine temperature gradient are reviewed, and the main advantages and disadvantages of each method are highlighted. The technical operations, construction variations, and the projects that have been developed around the world and those which are in the planning phase are also detailed. The two main conclusions are that this technology is still under development, but it is quite promising, especially for regions with little access to drinking water. Second, given the high implementation costs and low conversion efficiency, the development of this technology must be sponsored by governments.

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Section: Hybrid Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion and Other Uses of Deep Sea Water: A Review

Herrera

Sierra

Ibeas

2021

JMSE

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“…SWAC started to be considered in the 1970s and gained momentum in the early 1990s. It is proposed for tropical and equatorial regions where seafloor bathymetry allows a reasonably short cold seawater intake pipeline [18]. SWAC replaces chillers used in conventional AC systems, significantly reducing the electricity consumption and cooling costs [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seawater Air-Conditioning and Ammonia District Cooling: A Solution for Warm Coastal Regions

et al. 2022

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“…SWAC started to be considered in the 1970s and gained momentum in the early 1990s. It is proposed for tropical and equatorial regions where seafloor bathymetry allows a reasonably short cold seawater intake pipeline (Syed et al 1991). SWAC replaces chillers used in conventional AC systems, greatly reducing the electricity consumption and cooling costs (Makai Ocean Engineering 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High velocity seawater air-conditioning with thermal energy storage and its operation with intermittent renewable energies

et al. 2020

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The rapid increase in cooling demand for air-conditioning worldwide brings the need for more efficient cooling solutions based on renewable energy. Seawater air-conditioning (SWAC) can provide base-load cooling services in coastal areas utilizing deep cold seawater. This technology is suggested for inter-tropical regions where demand for cooling is high throughout the year, and it has been implemented in islands with short distances from the coast and the deep sea. This paper proposes adjustments to the conventional design of SWAC plants to reduce implementation risks and costs. The approach is named high velocity SWAC and consists of increasing the excavation depth of the seawater pump station up to 20 m below the sea level, compared to 2 to 5 m in conventional SWAC projects. This allows a twofold increase in the speed of inlet pipeline seawater and cooling load of the plant. The cooling load can be expanded twofold with only 55% capital cost and 83% project costs, compared with the costs of a new system. In addition, this article shows that high velocity SWAC plants with thermal energy storage will have an important role supporting the dissemination of intermittent renewable sources of energy in regions where SWAC is a viable cooling alternative.

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Use Of Cold Seawater For Air Conditioning

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion and Other Uses of Deep Sea Water: A Review

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion and Other Uses of Deep Sea Water: A Review

Seawater Air-Conditioning and Ammonia District Cooling: A Solution for Warm Coastal Regions

High velocity seawater air-conditioning with thermal energy storage and its operation with intermittent renewable energies

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